so和such的用法小结

时间:2022-09-25 04:00:00

so和such的用法小结

在初中英语课本和各省市的英语中考试题中,so和such两个词出现的频率极高。这两个词的用法和区别正是同学们学习上的重点和难点。下面将二者的用法小结如下,供同学们参考。

一、so的常见用法

1.当so作副词,修饰形容词或副词时,表示程度,意为“这么”、“那么”。如:

Don’t be so silly.

别那么傻。

He ran so fast.

他跑得那么快。

2.如果so后无形容词,则so不能与名词连用。如:

I’ve never seen so tall a child (=such a tall child).

我从未见过个儿那么高的小孩。

切不可以说“He is so a child.”

但是,so little,so much可与不可数名词连用,so few, so many可与复数名词连用。如:

Tom ate so much food at a meal.

汤姆一餐吃了那么多的食物。

There’re so few people in the hall.

大厅里的人很少。

3.so...that意为“如此……以至于……”,是一个常见句型,也是中考常考的句型。如:

Jane’s leg was so painful that she couldn’t move at all.

简的腿那么疼,以至于根本动不了。

该句型还可以转换成“so + adj.+ a/an + 名词”结构。如:

Mike is so clever a boy that all like him.

麦克这么聪明,大家都喜欢他。

so that意为“以便”,“为的是”,引导目的状语从句(该目的状语通常用情态动词作谓语)。如:

They can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really like.

他们能帮助你比较两种不同的产品,以便你能买到自己真正喜欢的。

so that从句还可表示结果,意为“因此”。如:

His pen is missing, so that he hasn’t done his homework.

他的笔不见了,因此他无法完成作业。

4.so与动词say,tell,think,believe,suppose等连用,可以替代一个意义完整的宾语从句。如:

Is she a top student in her class? Yes, I think so.

她是她们班最好的学生吗?是的,我想是这样。

so与动词do连用,意为“这样做”,以避免重复前面的有关内容。而if so意为“如果是这样”。如:

He did so in order to help her.

他这样做是为了帮助她。

Are you a student? If so (=If you are),may I have your name, please?

你是学生吗?如果是,请问你叫什么名字?

5.“so + be/其他助动词/情态动词+主语”是倒装结构,意为“同样”、“也”。这一结构在中考试题中也经常出现。如:

―I usually go to bed at night.

―So do I.

―我通常晚上睡觉。

―我也是。

6.so作连词,表示结果,意为“所以”、“因此”。如:

―How do you like this shirt?

―It’s beautiful and it fits me well, so (that) I like it very much.

―你喜欢这件衬衣吗?

―它既漂亮又很合身,因此我非常喜欢。

7.“not so + adj./adv.(原级)+ as”是一个常见的比较级句型,也是中考常考的句型,意思是“不如”、“不及”。如:

The man doesn’t work so hard as me.

这个人工作不如我努力。

二、such的常见用法

1.such是限定词,常和名词连用,意为“如此的”、“这样的”。如:

She is such a kind woman.

她是一个如此善良的女人。

Grandpa often told us such funny stories.

爷爷常给我们讲这么有趣的故事。

Don’t go out in such bad weather.

天气这么糟,不要出去了。

2.such as/such...as与such...that的意义和用法均不相同。such as/such...as意为“比如”、“例如”,相当于for example,引出同位语;而such...that意为“如此……以至于”,引导结果状语从句。试比较以下两句。

People such as him (=Such people as him) 1ike to stay home on weekends.

像他那样的人喜欢周末呆在家里。

He spoke in such a low voice that the other two couldn’t hear.

他说话的声音很低,另外两人听不见。

三、so...that,such...that与enough to及too...to结构的互换,常出现在句型转换或改写句子的练习或考题中

当句子具有肯定意义时,so...that或such...that结构可转换或改写成enough to结构,而意思保持不变。如:

Jack is so old that he can join the army. (=Jack is so old a boy that join the army.)

Jack is such an old boy that he can join the army.

Jack is old enough to join the army.

当句子具有否定意义时,so...that或such...that结构可转换或改写成具有否定意义的

too...to结构。如:

The 1ady is so weak that she can’t go any further.(=She is so weak a 1ady that she can’t go any further.)

She is such a weak 1ady that she can’t go any further.

The lady is too weak to go any further.

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