时间:2022-09-22 08:40:17
摘要:在高中阶段,我们经常会遇到一词多义一词多用现象,了解和掌握高中常见的这方面的知识,对于高中的英语学习至关重要。本文着重论述as的一词多用,从归类,例句和例题三位一体的角度对as的用法进行剖析和总结归纳,力争对as的用法达到全面透彻的掌握,并由此引起英语学习者对一词多义一词多用现象的重视。
关键词:一词多义;一词多用;as的用法;归类;例句;例题
中图分类号:G623.31
在高中英语中,牢固掌握as的用法十分重要。为了更好地认知、理解和运用as,现就as的用法做一总结归纳,愿与共同商榷、改进。
1. as做介词
(1).好像(某人): He dressed as a policeman.
(2).当作,作为:①. He treated me as a friend. ②. As a student, you should study hard.
2. as做副词
as... as... 结构:用于副词和形容词之前,以构成比较句型:He is as tall as his father.
注意:省略了的as:
以下举例说明:
The pianos in the other shop will be _____, but _____.
A.cheaper; not as better B. more cheaper; not as better
C.cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good
本题考查形容词的比较级用法。as+原级+as... 否定为:not as/so+原级+as... 根据上下文可采用省略形式,即可省略第二个as。该题题意是"另一家商店的钢琴会便宜些,但不如这家商店的好。"可知but 后应为否定的原级比较"not as good as those in this shop"。又因cheap的比较级形式是cheaper,不是more cheap, 故答案为C。
3. as做连词
(1).在...期间,当...的时候:。 I watched her as she combed her hair.
(2).由于,因为。引导原因状语从句:。 As you weren't there, I left a message.
(3).引导让步状语从句 (=although),从句倒装。
①.Child as he is, he knows a lot. (=Although he is a child, ...)
②.Young as he is, he knows a lot.
③.Try as he may, I don't think he can succeed.
④.Much as I like the car, I can't afford it.
(4).如同,按照。引导方式状语从句。
①. When in Rome, do as Romans do.
②. Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to?
(5).引导倒装结构句式,意为"......也一样"。
Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.
所以上句可理解为:
Our eating habits have changed, and our way of life has changed, too.
再举两例:
She is tall, as are both her parents.
He is a doctor, as ____ his wife before she had children.
A. was B. is C. did D. does 答案:A
4. as作关系代词
关系代词是用来引起定语从句的。它一面代表定语从句所修饰的那个名词(或代词),一面又在从句中担任一个成分,如主语,宾语,表语或定语。常见的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which.但在高中英语中,我们要特别注意:as也可以用作关系代词。
关系代词as:
(1).引导限制性定语从句,常和 the same, such, so, as 等连用:
①.Such books as you bought are very useful.
②.I have the same trouble as you (have)
③.It's as pleasant a film as I have ever seen.
④.She is so clever a girl as we all like.
注意:the same 后的关系词还可为that, 试比较:
①This is the same book as you bought.(同一类)
②This is the same book that you bought.(同一个)
(2).as引导非限制性定语从句和which 的区别:
位置:as引导的从句可以放在句前,句中或句尾, 而which引导的从句通常放句尾.
指代:as指代主句内容,而which可指代主句也可指代先行词.
语义:as可译为"正如,正像",而which无语义。
①.As we all know, china is a country with a long history.
②.He opposed the idea, as could be expected.
③.Cyprus, as you know, is an island in the Mediterranean.
④.He gave me a book, which is about American history.
⑤.We have to go to school on Sundays, which we don't like.
破解:as与that:
现就针对一道选择题来体现和对比as的关系代词用法。
There was so big a stone______nobody could lift.
A.that B.which C.as D.so that
[解析]此题中,由题干中的so和四个选项可以看出,应用有关so...that.../so...as...(as作定从的结构)。而不简单是一个定语从句。所以B项排除,而D项so that表示①为的是,以便。②结果,因此。是一个连词。从句法和题意上都不符,所以排除。
要在A、C两项做出选择,就要分析一下so...that...结构和so...as...结构中that和as用法的区别。
在so+adj+an/a+n.+that...(如此 ... 以致于)。such an/a+adj+n.+that... 中 that是一个连词,在从句中不作任何成分。
eg.She told us so interesting an story that we all forgot about the time.
由此可见:此题如果要选用so...that... 结构,题干中应加 "it",因为lift缺宾语:
There was so big a stone that nobody could lift it.
而在so+adj+an/a+n.as...结构中,as则是前面所提到的关系代词用法,引导一个定语从句,指代stone, 在从句中作lift的宾语。所以此题选C。
俗话说熟能生巧。只要我们及时总结,细心琢磨,潜心研究,一定会娴熟掌握as的各种用法。
参考文献:
1.人教版高中英语教材
2.河北人民出版社《高中英语同步训练》
3.牛津高阶英汉双解词典
4.朗文当代高级英语辞典
5.高中英语语法表解大全