附加疑问句点滴谈

在初中阶段附加疑问句主要有下列两种形式：

肯定的陈述句+否定的附加疑问。例如：

That bike is new, isn't it?

否定的陈述句+肯定的附加疑问。例如：

That man isn't old，is he?

关于附加疑问句的形式，有以下几点应予注意：

1、当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, anybody, anyone等合成词时，附加疑问部分中的主语在非正式文体中往往用they,也可用he。例如：

Nobody phoned while I was out, did they/did he?

Everyone enjoyed the party, didn't they/didn't he？

Somebody borrowed my pen yesterday, didn't they/ didn't he?

当陈述部分的主语是something, anything, nothing等合成词时，附加疑问部分中的主语一般用it.例如：

Nothing is serious, is it?

Something was wrong with your watch, wasn't it?

2、当陈述部分是there――存在句时，附加疑问部分中的主语也用there。例如：

There's no help for it, is there?

There's something wrong, isn't there?

3、当陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。例如：

Bob never got drunk, did he?

Few people know him, do they?

She knows little English, does she?

如果陈述部分的否定词仅带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定句处理，附加疑问部分一般仍然用否定形式。

He was unhappy, wasn't he?

4、 如果陈述部分是I'm――结构，附加疑问部分一般用aren't I.例如：

I'm late, aren't I？

5、当陈述部分是一个带有that――分句作宾语的主从结构时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。例如：

She says （that） I did it, doesn't she?

但是当陈述部分的主句是 I suppose， I think， I believe等结构时，附加疑问部分则往往与that――分句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。

I believe (that) he's wrong, isn't he?

I don't think (that) she cares, does she?

6、当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have 时，附加疑问部分既可用 have形式，也可用do 形式；如果陈述部分的动词是have的否定形式，附加疑问部分是用have形式，还是用do 形式，取决于陈述部分的动词形式。例如：

haven't you?

You have a new watch, don't you?

He hasn't a lot of time to read books, has he?

Miss Smith doesn't have any money in her pocket, does she?

当陈述部分的have不表示“所有”，而表示其他含义时，附加疑问部分须用do形式。例如：

You often have headaches, don't you?

She had a good time yesterday, didn't she?

7、当陈述部分带有情态动词used to时，附加疑问部分可用used to形式，也可用did形式。例如：

Mr. Green used to live in the country, usedn't he?

He used to smoke fifty cigarettes a day, didn't he?

8、 当陈述部分带有情态动词needn't时，附加疑问部分常用need,但有时也用must.例如：

You needn't go yet, need you?

He needn't do that, must he?

9、 当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时，附加疑问部分用mustn't.例如：

You must work hard next term, mustn't you?

当陈述部分的must表示“有必要”时，附加疑问部分用needn't.例如：

You must go home right now ,needn't you?

当mustn't表示“禁止”时，附加疑问部分一般用must.例如：

You mustn' t go across the street ,must you?

当陈述部分的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推测意义时，附加疑问部分不用must,而要根据陈述部分采用相应的主动词或助动词。例如：

He must be a teacher, isn't he?

He must have waited here for a long time, hasn't he?

You must have seen the play last week, didn't you?

10、在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用will you, won't you, would you,有时也可用can you, can't you, could you等。

Be quiet, will you?

Give me some cigarettes ,won't you?

Don't move the chair, can't you?

但是，以Let's开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we.例如：

Let's go shopping, shall we？

以Let us开头的祈使句，含义是“让我们”，不包括听话人在内时，附加疑问部分一般用will you。例如：

Let us have a rest, will you?

11、如果陈述部分是each of――,则附加疑问部分用he或者they。例如：

Each of the students has a computer, doesn't he/don't they?

12、 如果陈述部分是neither――nor, not only――but also, both――and, either――or, not――but, or, and等连接的并列主语，则附加疑问部分用复数代词。例如：

Neither he nor I am right, are we?

Either Tom or David went to the meeting, didn't they?

13、 如果陈述部分是不定式（短语），动名词（短语），从句或词组，则附加疑问部分用it.例如：

To get up early is important for us, isn't it?

Seeing is believing, isn't it?

14、 如果陈述部分是the+形容词，表示一类人，则附加疑问部分用复数代词。例如：

The poor had no chance to go to school at that time, didn't they?