Analysis of the English education in colleges and universities based on the deep

Abstract. The relationship of mutual penetration and mutual restriction between languages and cultures makes the language contains many cultural factors. These cultural factors are naturally acquired for the ethnic people, without the need to learn. But for the foreign people, it constitutes the barriers to understanding, and needs to learn. The relationship between cultures and higher education is an important topic in higher education research. The related problems in the development of China's higher education need to be discussed and analyzed from the perspective of cultures. The culture has a great influence on the development of the higher education, which is particularly prominent in the development of English education in modern universities in China. The English education in modern universities in China is developed gradually in the process of cultural changes, and is the product of cultural exchange and fusion. Its development experienced a tortuous change. Now the English education in modern universities in China has become the history, and the history is a mirror, which can reflect many things. Some of the educational thoughts and theories have certain influence on the contemporary college English education in china.

Keywords: Deep cultural education model; university English education; problem analysis

1. Introduction

The state population in the world with English as the native language or the official language is not big, and is not the largest in the world, but its status of international communication language is undeniable in fact. The dominant position of the language profits from the leading position of Britain and the United States in the world economy, science, technology, military, politics and culture and other fields over the two hundred years ever since the industrial revolution. Since then, the western culture with the Britain and America as the representatives has formed the advantages over other cultures of the world, becoming the world mainstream culture worthy of the name. As a favorite tool and carrier of the British cultural transmission, English greatly promoted the exchange and collision of cultures around the world. Today, the position of English as the standard universal language in the world still is unable to shake. English is "the most powerful tool for the students to contact with the latest international technology, to come to the academic frontier", and is "an indispensable tool to participate in the international academic exchanges". In the process of the internationalization of the collision and communication of the world civilization, education internationalization has become an irresistible trend, while English plays a role of indispensable media in the internationalization of education. More and more institutions and individuals are in contact with English to integrate into the process of the internationalization of education.

2. The problems of college English education from the perspective of deep cultural education mode

2-1. Too much emphasis is laid on the cultural knowledge, but the communicative culture is neglected.

Usually, people will think that for English education, the main task is to teach some basic skills of learning English to the students, namely the ability of listening, speaking, reading, and writing as people often say. In the actual practice of college English teaching, the teaching methods and the educational objectives draw further apart, which has a serious influence on the enhancement of the students’ learning abilities, specifically in the following aspects. First of all, whether it is compared with the foreign language schools are compared with the domestic occupational schools, English education in colleges and universities is very different. It can be said that the training target of the English education in the universities of our country currently is to enable students to master the English language and culture, improve their English literacy, and learn to apply the extensive cultural knowledge to various industries, such as management, research, education, economy and trade, science and technology, culture and military etc., to make the students become the complex talents to meet the social development, and contribute to China's social progress. Obviously, the English education requires that we should not only have a solid foundation of knowledge, but has also developed the general ability of social communication based on this. Secondly, the communication culture is neglected, which influences the students’ learning about the cultural differences, and the constraints the improvement of the students’ communicative competence. In the present complicated social and cultural background, if the teachers in the teaching process always pursue the things in the English culture knowledge level, the students can never understand the essence of the communication culture. Because of this process, there is a lack of research and the penetration of its values and ideas, and we cannot reasonably explain the cultural differences and communicative behaviors at all levels. At the same time, more importantly, there is a lack of the national spirit of philosophy and the historical development of the penetration and understanding, so we cannot systematically and the scientifically summarize and describe the values.

2-2. Cultural education is the tool of English education.

In the discussion of the relationship between English education and culture education, the following arguments are quite universal: (1) "Cultural education aims to strengthen rather than weaken the language teaching, is to supplement the deficiencies of the language teaching, rather than replace the language teaching, and should not dominate in the teaching". (2) "In dealing with the issues of the relationship between language and culture in the foreign language teaching, emphasis should be put on the teaching of the language itself". (3) "The cultural education task is to combine with the language teaching, to promote the language application abilities". Based on the above point of view, in the actual teaching, people often think of teaching culture as the tool to help students understand and use the foreign language: through the analysis of the cultural characteristics and the cultural connotations of words and sentences in English, clear its cultural barriers, to make the students understand and master the language itself. Cultural education becomes the tool and method of language teaching. In essence, the theory of the above viewpoint and practice based on the language cultural dualism, namely the language and the culture can be divided. From this point of view to look at the relationship between language and culture, language is a set of self-evident and self-contained system of symbols, and is the carrier of culture, while culture is the bearing material, and applies to the language. From the perspective of the ontogeny, this view is untenable. We know that on one hand, language is generated according to the people's needs, and it is related in together with the human nature, and is connected to a certain conditions of the material life under the social activities, thus it is the cultural results (of course not the only result). On the other hand, because the language is the tool of all human intellectual activities, any cultural activities of human beings cannot do without the language, so the language structure has become the foundation and the prototype of human cultures and social structures. From this sense, the language is also the cultural condition. Therefore, language and culture are reciprocal causation and indivisible. Language and culture dualism often gives people the illusion: "Only when the students have mastered the basic pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar of a foreign language can we talk about the culture". We know that in fact it is impossible to teach English in the "cultural vacuum". What’s worse, under the impact of this view, many people think that culture is empty, just to talk, but learning language skills are real. The result is that "from the teachers, teaching or teaching material view, the cultural education in the foreign language education in China is still in the un-essential, affiliated secondary position".

2-3. The wrong understanding of the traditional education ideas on the English education

The understanding of the English education is relatively backward. With the development of the society, whether it is in schools or at work, English has been paid more and more attention to, but a lot of people think that the English ability of college students is mainly embodied in whether they have passed the CET band four or six. As long as they have passed the examination, they have finished the task, and don't have to learn English. This is the very wrong idea. Along with English constantly into people's life and work, just knowing thousands of English words and being able to write a simple English essay and saying a few words of English is far from enough. What CET Band Four or Six stresses is the check of listening and writing, but there are no higher requirements for reading and translating abilities, thus emerging a large number of the "dumb English" learners who can understand but cannot express. And because of the distinction between Chinese and western cultures, the students lacking the western culture curriculum education cannot understand each other to express the meanings at a time. This allows us to realize that the traditional concept of education has been unable to adapt to the modern society, and the simple teaching of the English grammar and words has been unable to meet our daily needs. We should lay more of the spoken English expression, the article analysis and the cultural education in the modern English teaching, to cultivate students' abilities of expression and comprehension. The education pattern and the education method are not suitable. Learning a language is the learning of a kind of culture, and the language cannot exist without the culture. Under the influence of the Chinese traditional education thoughts, in many schools, teachers teach vocabularies and grammar simply based on the textbooks, and less attention has been paid to the education of cultural background. College teachers in the English teaching ignored the interest of the students on the western cultures. In the appreciation of the western culture, students lack timely and proper guidance, so students just memorize some words and grammar to write an article. But because of the lack of the knowledge of the western communication principles or social norms, they cannot accurately analyze the true meanings in the language communication, and they cannot smoothly communicate.

3. Analysis of the college English education based on the perspective of the deep cultural education mode

3-1. Strengthen the combination of the language knowledge and the cultural knowledge as well as the language and culture factors.

In college English teaching, due to the impact of the forces of all aspects and a variety of factors, the teachers treat the English language learning as the focus of English education, and the cultivated students are often confused, and their understanding and mastering of the English knowledge is knowing how without knowing why. In the process of the actual application and communication they often do not know what course to take, and let the other person feel embarrassed. Although some English classic sentences often appear, it does not show that the extreme phenomenon does not exist in the traditional English education. With the development of the English culture, people have gradually realized the equal importance of the combination of the language knowledge and cultural knowledge as well as the language and cultural factors. Therefore, teachers must be synchronized to the cultural factors in the English language teaching, which is an invariant theorem. Standing in a perspective to analyze, if we cannot understand the cultural connotation of the words, naturally we won't understand the meanings of the words, which are a serious ignorance, and the ignorance will lead to extremely serious consequences. Therefore, teachers must strengthen the combination of the language knowledge and the cultural knowledge and the language and cultural factors in the process of teaching. We should not only teach the students what meaning the word is, but also should tell the students the methods of using the word and in what circumstances it should be used, to make its expression in place, and at the same time, develop students' unique thinking abilities and improve the students' moral cultivation.

3-2. Pay attention to Chinese traditional culture

From the angle of spreading the national culture to consider, cultivating the cultural awareness in college English education is the cultivation of the local cultural awareness of students. Introducing China to the world and carrying forward the traditional culture of China is our bounden duty of every Chinese. Learning English is to communicate with the foreigners in various aspects, and is to introduce China to the world, and is to let China shine on the world stage. So don't let this aim be abandoned by us, and we should keep the motherland's culture in mind, and always know our purpose of learning English.

3-3. Organize students to exchange and communicate with foreigners

In the process of learning English, oral practice is essential. The cultivation of the cultural awareness is to organize the students to communicate with the people of English speaking countries, and in this process we understand the culture of his country. Communication with foreigners includes direct communication and indirect communication. Direct communication is to sit down face to face, to communicate in English with foreigners. In the present universities, basically there are foreign teachers who can organize the students regularly to talk in the way of English course instructors or English corners. Indirect communication is to play some American movies or English songs whose accent is good regularly to the students, to let the student in the process of watching films or songs learn the English and American cultures. In the communication, the oral expression, language, as well as the characters of the foreigners, attitudes towards life, living habits are shown one by one, without the indirect experience of the book teaching, so we can let students deeply understand much cultural knowledge that can't be taught daily.

3-4. The improvement of the teachers' humanistic quality

The role of teachers in the teaching of English is the dominant. Different from the task-based teaching method of the west, Chinese teaching method is mainly the mode of the teacher-led and imparting the knowledge, which is handed down from the Chinese historical traditions. So the teacher's humanities and accomplishments are very important for the understanding of the foreign cultures. Even if the teachers know nothing at all the foreign cultures, we don't expect the students to learn about the foreign cultures. So, improving the teachers' humanistic qualities is the precondition to cultivate students' cultural awareness. And only by achieving the above three points can the cultural awareness be deeply rooted in the daily life of learning of university and college students, and play a key role in the English learning.

4. Conclusion

Language and culture are closely linked and inextricably linked. In language learning, students inevitably will be exposed to the nation's history, cultural background, as well as the country's geography, customs, religious beliefs, national systems and other knowledge, and should compare them at any time with our language. There are many of the differences between the Chinese culture and the western culture. In the English teaching we should not only pay attention to the language teaching, but also should strengthen the cultural introduction of the language, help students overcome the cultural differences, let the students consciously aware of the non-standard language and avoid using them, and enhance the self-consciousness of the use of standardized language in learning. So we can really learn well the western language in the practical application, and create good conditions for the students to learn English, and carry out smoothly the cross-cultural communication. To make a long story short, in college English teaching, there exist many problems in the English education. Hence we need to have a deep understanding of the English culture, grasp the core value systems, conduct the multicultural education systematically, strengthen the integration of language knowledge and cultural knowledge and language and cultural factors, change the status of students in learning English, and improve students' language abilities fundamentally.

References

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