院士风采 第13期

卢鹤绂1914.06.07～1997.02.13

核物理学家。原籍山东掖县。生于辽宁沈阳。1936年毕业于燕京大学。1941年获美国明尼苏达大学哲学博士学位。复旦大学教授。主要从事理论物理和核物理方面的教学和研究。发现了热离子发射的同位素效应，发明了在质谱仪中测定轻同位素丰度比的时间积分法。在国际上首次公开估算铀235原子弹和费米型链式裂变反应堆的临界大小的简易方法及其全部原理；提出了最早期的原子核壳模型并首次提出了核半径新的计算公式。建立了流体的容变粘滞弹性理论并对经典流体力学基本方程作了多项推广。

1980年点选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Theoretical and nuclear physicist. Born in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. Graduated from Yenching University in 1936. Received Ph.D. from Minnesota University, USA in 1941. Professor, Fuand University.

Lu is mainly engaged in the teaching and research in the field of theoretical physics and nuclear physics. He discovered the isotope effect of thermion emission, invented the time integral method used for the determination of the light isotope abundance ratio by using mass spectrometer. He published for the first time in the world the thorough theoretical background and simple approaches to the expectation of the critical size of U235 atomic bomb and Fermi chain fission reactor, put forward the earliest shell model for atomic nucleus and proposed the new equations for computing nuclear radius. He also established the fluid bulk-variable viscoelasticity theory and carried out generalization and application of classical fluid mechanics equations.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

冯康1920.09.09～1993.08.17

数学和物理学家、计算数学家。原籍浙江绍兴生于江苏南京。1944年毕业于重庆中央大学。中国科学院计算中心研究员、主任、名誉主任。中国计算数学和科学工程计算学科的奠基者和学术带头人，在拓扑群、广义函数理论和应用数学、计算数学研究等方面取得突出成就。创造了求解偏微分方程问题的有限元方法。在国际上首创了间断有限元函数空间的嵌入理论，并提出了自然边界元法。1984年以来，在以哈密顿方程和波动方程为主的动态问题研究中取得了突破性重要成果。

1980年点选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Specialist in mathematics, physics and computational mathematics. Born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Research professor, director and honorary director, the Computing Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Feng was respected as the founder and academic foregoer of computational mathematics and scientific and engineering computation disciplines. He had made outstanding achievements in the fields of topological groups, generalized function theories and applied and computational mathematics. He participated in the origination of the finite element method for solving problems governed by partial differential equations. He was the first in the world to propose the imbedding theory of disjunction finite element space and put forward the natural boundary method. Since 1984, he had made many initiative and important achievements in the dynamic problems governed by Hamilton an wave equatins.