巧辨陷阱,柳暗花明

单向选择题重点考查的内容除词汇外就是语法，命题人利用考生的定向思维，在考查语法项目时设计了一个个巧妙的陷阱。考生要掌握好各种语法项目，还要注重培养深层分析句子结构的能力，才能避开陷阱，选出正确的答案。下面以2007年高考英语单项选择题为例，分析几组典型陷阱易错题，希望能对考生有所帮助，提高辨析能力。

【例1】1.The book was written in 1946,______the education system has witnessed great changes.(2007年山东卷,35)

2.The book was written in 1946,______the education system witnessed great changes.

A.when B.during which

C.since then D.since when

解析：注意时态陷阱。

此题考查定语从句，题1从句中谓语动词has witnessed是现在完成时，这是考查since的用法，故正确答案应选D,since when是固定搭配，相当于since which time，句意为“这本书写于1946年，自从那以来教育制度见证了伟大的变革”,题2从句中用witnessed,是一般过去时，用when 或during which time引导定语从句都可以，故正确答案为A,句意为“这本书写于1946年，当年教育制度见证了伟大的变革”。

【例二】1.______worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.(2007年山东卷,24)

2._____worries me is the way he keeps changing his mind.

A.ThisB.ThatC.WhatD.It

解析：注意it用法及what引导的名词性从句。

题1答案选D。It作形式主语，代替后面被定语从句修饰的the way，正常语序应该是The way he keeps changing his mind worries me。题2中多了谓语动词is,is前是主语从句，从句缺主语，用what引导，故正确答案为C。

【例三】1._____I really don’t like art,I find his work impressive.(2007年山东卷,29)

2._____I really don’t like art,I find his work worthless.

A.As B.Since C.If D.While

解析：注意连词在语境中的应用。

题1考查常见词while的不常见用法，在此意为“尽管”,相当于although,句意为“尽管我不是真正地喜欢艺术，但我觉得他的作品确实打动人”。题2关键词在于worthless,句意为“因为我不是真正地喜欢艺术，所以我觉得他的作品毫无价值”，故答案为A。

【例四】1.――Where did you get to know her?

――It was on the farm_____we worked. (2007年山东卷,30)

2.――Where did you get to know her?

――It was on the farm_____we visited.

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

解析：注意对强调句型及定语从句的综合考查。

此题不仅考查省略，而且明考强调句型，暗考定语从句，我们首先应该把语境补充完整为It was on the farm_____we worked that I got to know her.题1中定语从句worked是不及物动词，缺状语，故用where引导，修饰farm,同属于被强调部分，答案选D。题2与题1的区别在于定语从句visited是及物动词，缺宾语，可以用that、which引导，也可以省略关系代词，答案A、C都对。

【例五】1.We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people,most of_____are healthy.(2007年北京卷,23)

2.We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people,most of_____healthy.

A.thatB.whichC.themD.whom

解析：注意“代词+介词+关系代词”引导的非限定性定语从句及独立主格结构“名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/动词不定式”。

题1由于关键动词are，我们判断这是一个非限定性定语从句，介词后应用宾格whom，指代先行词people,故正确答案为D。题2由于没有谓语动词，是独立主格结构，由名词/代词+形容词构成，故应选代词them, 答案为 C。

【例六】1.Pop music is such an important part of society_____it has even influenced our language.(2007年上海卷,33)

2.Pop music is such an important part of society _____ has even influenced our language.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.where

解析：注意such…as引导的定语从句及such/so…that引导的状语从句。

题1的关键在于从句有it作主语，句子成分很完整，故不难判断这是such/so…that引导的状语从句，答案应选B，句意为“流行音乐是社会如此重要的一部分以至于它甚至对我们的语言都有影响”。题2由于从句句子成分不完整，缺主语，是such…as引导的限定性定语从句，答案应选A。

考生在复习过程中，不仅要抓牢词汇、短语及语法知识，还要培养分析复杂长句的能力，能够判断出命题人所设计的巧妙陷阱，少出错误，在高考中获得优异的成绩。

巩固练习：

1.(1)It was ______that I began to learn English.

(2)It was ______since I began to learn English.

A.two years agoB.two years

C.two years before D.until two years

2.(1)Lily is an honest girl; I say it,_______I don’t like her.

(2)Lily is an honest girl; I say it,_______, I don’t like her.

A.even though B.as though

C.even so D.as long as

3.(1)Mr.smith is_____a good teacher______we all respect.

(2)Mr.smith is_____a good teacher______we all respect him.

A.such,thatB.such,asC.so,thatD.so,as

4.(1)_____sometimes keeps her awake at night___ Tom is getting more and more quiet at home.

(2)_____sometimes keeps her awake at night is___ Tom is getting more and more quiet at home.

A.That;which B.It;that

C.Whether;whatD.What;that

5.(1)The days we have been looking forward to_______soon.

(2)These days we have been looking forward to_____ to visit you.省略ingB.will comeC.cameD.have come

6.(1)Not far from the club there was a garden,_____ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.

(2)Not far from the club there was a garden,_____owner sat in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.

A.whoseB.itsC.whichD.that

7.(1)Is this factory____ you visited the other day?

(2)Is this the factory ____ you visited the other day?

A.the oneB.thatC.whereD.when

8.(1)I ____to do the work at 3 o’clock this afternoon.

(2)I ____ to do the work by 3 o’clock this afternoon.

A.will have begun B.will begin

C.would have begunD.have begun

Key:1.AB 2.AC 3.BA 4.BD 5.BA 6.BA 7. AB 8.BA