可注射吸水膨胀性排龈膏的制备与排龈效果评价

时间:2022-02-10 04:08:20

可注射吸水膨胀性排龈膏的制备与排龈效果评价

[摘要] 目的 研制一种新型可注射、吸水膨胀性排龈材料的膏剂。方法 将吸水膨胀性高分子载体基质与高岭土、氯化铝等药物机械混合,获得一种膏剂材料。采用Expasyl作为对照,体外评价其在水中的稳定性和吸水膨胀性能,通过动物实验评价其排龈效果。结果 新型排龈膏体外吸水膨胀,但是可以维持结构的完整性,不会崩解。动物实验也显示无论在牙龈高度退缩和龈沟宽度变化方面都有良好的排龈效果。结论 获得一种新型的具有良好应用前景的可注射吸水膨胀性、遇水不崩解的排龈材料。

[关键词] 排龈材料; 可注射性; 吸水膨胀树脂

[中图分类号] R 783.1 [文献标志码] A [doi] 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2012.02.007

Synthesis and evaluation of a novel injectable and water-swelling gingival displacement materials Xu Xiaohua, Zhu Xiaopeng, Ning Tianyun, Liu Wei, Li Quanli. (College of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China)

[Abstract] Objective To synthesize and evaluate a novel injectable and water-swelling gingival displacement mate-rials. Methods A kind of water-swelling polymer, kaolin and aluminum chloride were mechanically mixed at certain ratio in water solution, resulting to a novel paste materials for gingival displacement. Then, its stability in aqueous solution and water swelling properties were evaluated in vitro. The effect on gingival displacement was evaluated by animal experiments in dogs. A commercial gingival displacement materials paste of Expasyl was used as control. Re-sults While contacting with water, the novel gingival displacement paste did not collapse, maintained its integrity structure, and could expand for adsorbing water. Animal experiments in dogs showed that the materials could lead to displace the gingival margins from the dental root surfaces. Conclusion The novel injectable and expanded gingival displacement material is efficient to retract free gingival margin with potential clinical application.

[Key words] gingival displacement materials; injectable preparation; water-swelling polymer

在口腔临床固定修复中,运用排龈技术,将游离龈从牙根表面分离收缩,暴露预备的基牙龈缘线,提高印模的精确性。排龈线是目前国内应用最多的排龈材料,其排龈效果可靠,但操作费时,常对牙龈造成不可逆损伤[1]。近年来,无线排龈技术以其操作

方便、创伤小、止血效果好备受口腔医生青睐。目前,国内常用的无线排龈技术主要是Expasyl排龈膏,其主要成分是氯化铝(15%)、高岭土、辅料[2]。

但其接触水后常崩解,丧失机械排龈作用,所以在隔湿条件不好的下后牙区难以达到满意的效果。此外,其价格昂贵。李娜等[3]报道了一种以高岭土和羟

乙基纤维素为主要成分的注射式胶体型排龈糊剂,其克服了遇水崩解的问题。Merocel排龈条和排龈泡沫作为新型的排龈材料[4-5]虽临床效果肯定,但也因其价格昂贵,在临床难以广泛应用。

理想的排龈材料除了可以收缩牙龈,使游离龈从牙面分离,达到可以获得精确龈缘边缘印模所需的0.2 mm距离,使印模材从口内取出时完整没有撕裂外,还应对牙龈附着不会造成损伤[6-8]。糊剂型排龈材料是一种理想的剂型,但其排龈力量略显不足。如能开发一种可注射性,且在与水接触后可保持形态结构的稳定,能吸水膨胀的材料,将改善目前注射排龈材料的性能。本文报道一种以吸水膨胀树脂基质为载体,装载高岭土、氯化铝排龈药物的可注射性排龈材料,并通过动物实验,评价其排龈效果。

1 材料和方法

1.1 实验材料和仪器

医用级吸水膨胀性树脂(聚维酮、交聚维酮)(国

际特品公司,美国),高岭土(化学纯,上海五四化学

试剂有限公司),氯化铝(分析纯)(上海国药集团化学试剂有限公司),Expasyl排龈膏(碧兰公司,法国),

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