平顶山市婴幼儿血管瘤发病情况调查分析

【摘要】目的 总结分析自2009年1月至2012年4月间8353例新生儿中151例婴幼儿血管瘤的临床资料，结合文献进行讨论，以利于对本病的全面认识，掌握流行病学特点，指导临床诊治。 方法 设计血管瘤临床资料调查表，对血管瘤患者资料进行统计，包括患者发病及就诊年龄、肿瘤分类、大小分型、肿瘤部位及各项资料的构成百分比。 结果 ①婴幼儿血管瘤发病率1.81％；女∶ 男=2.87∶ 1 。②出生后3个月内出现占97.35％，出生时出现占17.22％，出生3个月后出现占2.65％。③生后3个月内就诊占82.12％， 15.23%在生后及生后3个月内出现而未就诊。④血管瘤小型占65.74％，中型占21.43％，大型占12.56％，巨大型占0.27％。⑤位于头面、五官部位的占42.38％。⑥单发占29.80％，多发性占70.20％。⑦出现并发症的瘤体占4.64％，巨大型血管瘤并发症发生率最高。 结论 孕期的环境污染可能不是导致婴幼儿血管瘤发病的主要原因。应加强婴幼儿血管瘤的健康教育，教育对象包括家长及基层临床医师。少部分血管瘤病例在出生时即已存在，提示不能过分依赖病史做出诊断。

【关键词】 血管瘤；临床分析

The analysis of infantile hemangioma in Pingdingshan GUO Zhen,HU Wei-bin,CHEN Shao-lin.Department of Surgery,Pingdingshan Maternal and Children Health Hospital,Pingdingshan 467000,China

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【Abstract】 Objective Summary and analysis the 151 Infantile hemangioma clinical data from 8353 infancy Between 2009.1-2012.4 and discuss the related matter evidencing literature.It is profited to the disease noesised overall，handle feature of epidemiology，guidance the diagnosis and iatreusis. Methods Design schedule table for Infantile hemangioma clinical data. Assemble the clinical data of the 151 Infantile hemangioma patients，including the gender，age of onset，visiting age，category，magnitude grouping，location and so on.Results ①In the 151 cases of infantile hemangioma the ratio was 1.81％,and the ratio of Female to male is 2.87 to 1.②The hemangiomas appearance at birth or interior 3 months after born generality(account 97.35％)and 2.65％appearance after 3 months old. ③82.12％ of the patients visited in infancy. ④The rate of small-type in all the hemangiomas was 65.74％，medium-type was 21.43％，macro-type was 12.56％and giga-type was 0.27％. ⑤ Most hemangiomas were distributed in head，face and five sensory organs，account for 42.38％. ⑥ There were 106 pou multiple hemangiomas (account for 72.20％)and 45 single hemangiomas (account for 29.80％). ⑦ hemangiomas occurrenced complication,account for 4.64％.The incidence of complication in giga-type hemangiomas was highest. Conclusion Environmental pollution duration of pregnancy is not possible material to induce hemangioma. We should strengthen hemangioma health education to parents and clinician. Part of hemangioma patients have been existed when the neonates are born, so we can not diagnose overdependence on medical history.

【Key words】 Hemangioma; Clinical analysis

血管瘤是整形外科临床常见病，由于过去“血管瘤”一词曾不加区别地用于一些在形态、行为及预后上显著不同的血管病变，分类方法及命名繁杂，致其发病率各家报道差别较大，临床医生亦对血管瘤和血管畸形的自然过程、分类、治疗原则等问题上，认识尚不统一。目前仍缺乏基于统一分类方法下各类血管瘤病种流行病统计资料。我院作为平顶山地区妇女儿童保健专业机构及平顶山地区孕产妇急救中心，新生儿年出生数3000余例，并建有完善的新生儿复诊及保健机制，确保了初筛及复诊病例数量。因此，我们对2009年1月至2012年4月期间8353例新生儿进行婴幼儿血管瘤发病情况流行病学调查，结合以往经验及文献资料对有关问题提出讨论，现报告如下。