时间：2022-10-22 07:50:01
“时态”、“语态”的考察在高考试题中无论是单选、完形填空、翻译、改错、单词拼写，还是在写作中都是“重头戏”。但是不像汉语不用变化谓语而直接用时间状语体现时间或主谓宾关系，英语是不断变化谓语形式来体现时间概念及谓语与主语的关系，因此很多学生“谈时态、语态色变”，根据高考命题特点，我们可以从以下两点找到破解它的突破口。
一、掌握主从句时态的呼应、并列句时态的暗示、固定句型中时态的固定用法。
（1）Close the door of fear behind you， and you _____ the door of faith open before you .（2012年 湖南）
A. saw B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see
（2）Excuse me. I ____ I was blocking your way.
A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realize
D. wasn’t realizing （2010年全国）
（3）The play had already been on for quite some time when we
at the New Theater.（2007年 浙江）
A. have arrived B. arrived C. had arrived D. arrive
（4）The letters for the boss_____ on his desk but he didn’t read them until three days later .（2012天津）
A. were put B. has put C. was put D. put
（5）Send my regards to your lovely wife when you home.
A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write
（6）I along the street looking for a place to park when the
accident .
A. went； was occurring B. went； occurred
C. was going； occurred D. was going； had occurred
（7）By the time Jane gets home， her aunt for London to attend a meeting .
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left
（8）Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she .
A. has done B. had done C. was doing D. is doing
Keys： （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）A （5）D （6）C （7）C （8）C
【解析】（1）固定句型：祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句（将来时态）。（2） ）根据从句I was blocking your way 可知主句应为一般过去时态（3）由主句had already been 可推出从句是过去 时态。（4根据语境及but分句的时态可知前半句应该用过去时态。（5）由when， as soon as， if等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，应用一般时态来表达将来概念。（6）用连词when引导的并列分句，第一分句常用进行时态或be about to do（将来时态），第二分句常用一般时态表达。（7）by+时间状语（从句），句子或主句用完成时态，而by引导的时间状语从句用一般时态表达将来动作。（8）主句如果是过去时态，宾语从句一定是过去时间范畴（除非是客观真理），可以排除答案A和D，再根据语境可知表示那时正在做的事。
英语句子中有很多固定结构，时态也有固定套路或原则，掌握这些用法，也是破解时态语态题的关键所在。
【即兴练笔】
（9）——Hurry up！ Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
——Oh！ I thought they without me.（2007年 江西）
A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone
（10）It long before we the result of the experiment. （2010年 上海春）
A. will not be； will know B. is； will know
C. will not be； know D. is； know
（11）This is the first time we ______ a film in the cinema together as a family. （2009 陕西）
A .see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen
（12）Come and see me whenever .
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
Keys： （9） D （10） C （11） D （12） C
二、吃透各种将来时态表示法的异同之处
（1）—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.
—I know. By next month， he_____ enough for a used one.
A . will have saved B. will be saving C. has saved D. saves （2012 上海）
（2） “The moment ______ soon ，” he thought to himself ， waiting nervously . （2012 湖南）
A. came B. has come C. was coming D. is coming
（3）In a room above the store， where a party ， some workers were busily setting the table.（2006年 湖南）
A. was to be held B. had been held
C. will be held D. is being held
（4）Look at the timetable. Hurry up！ Flight 4026 off at 18：20.（2006年 四川）
A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken（
（5）——Did you tell Julia about the results？
——Oh， no， I forgot. I here now. （2005年 全国Ⅱ）
A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call
Keys： （1）A （2）D（3）A （4）A （5）B
（陕西省洋县中学）