“菏泽没有退路”

作为菏泽市的主要决策者，中共菏泽市委书记陈光对“突破菏泽”有着其他人所没有的特殊的感受。一个多月来，围绕这项决策，陈光开始勾画一个新的菏泽。他形容自己的感受是：压力异常之大，压得喘不过气来。“号角已经吹响，决战已经开始。菏泽已经没有退路，只有背水一战。”

菏泽最后的机遇

记者：你如何认识“突破菏泽”这项重大战略的意义？

陈光：“突破”说明难度大、困难多、决心大、意义大。站在中共山东省委、省政府的角度，这是个大手笔，是实践“三个代表”、立党为公、执政为民的具体体现。贫穷就没有说服力和号召力，只有解决菏泽欠发达的现状，才能使政府立信于民，从而推动全省的更快发展。在这个决策中，真正体现了科学的发展观。东西部区域经济的协调发展是社会可持续发展的必要条件，改革开放初期提出“让一部分地区、一部分人先富起来”，实行倾斜政策，支持东部地区富了起来。现在国家开始加快西部地区的开发，具体到山东，突破菏泽也是为了东西部的协调发展。

“突破菏泽”对全国也有重要的意义。首先是政府行为与市场经济的有机结合问题，市场经济下政府是引导，重要的是依靠市场实现多赢。其次是在市场经济下，发达地区与欠发达地区的互动问题，即如何搞好协调发展。再次是西部干部的配置问题。西部要搞好，要依靠当地的干部群众，合理配置干部对西部的发展具有关键的作用。

记者：刚结束不久的“加快菏泽发展现场办公会”给菏泽带来了什么？

陈光：会一开，势一造，高潮一掀，真是群情振奋啊。特别是老百姓，简直就像看到了菏泽的春天。会后这些天，许多老干部见了我都说，老陈啊，这回是真事咧。我在“加快发展誓师大会上”说：贫穷落后是压在菏泽人民头上的一座大山，菏泽广大干部群众长期以来一直忍受着贫穷落后带来的屈辱和痛苦，盼富思变的愿望异常强烈，孜孜追求文明富裕，梦寐以求甩掉贫穷落后的帽子，现在，号角已经吹响，决战已经开始。

这次现场办公会给菏泽带来了改革开放的活力、加倍工作的推动力，给县域经济带来了拉动力，给加快工业化进程带来了助动力，给增加农民收入带来了支持力。省委、省政府给菏泽确定的“三个明显”、“三个高于”、“一个新台阶”、“一个新跨越”的奋斗目标，是最大的给予。实实在在地讲，我们目前感受到的主要也是精神的力量。“突破菏泽”的提出给我们带来了最现实、最重要也是最后的一次机遇，如果我们再丧失机遇，就是丧失菏泽的明天，就会成为不可饶恕的罪人。这些话听起来有些过头，可是如果了解菏泽的现实状况，就一点也不过分了。

内外结合求突破

记者：“突破菏泽”的目标和要求是什么？

陈光：现场办公会给菏泽定下了“三三一一”的目标。

“三个明显”，就是经济发展速度要明显加快，经济综合实力要明显增强，经济运行质量要明显提高；

“三个高于”，就是GDP的增幅要高于全省平均增长幅度，固定资产投资增幅要高于全省平均增幅，农民人均纯收入增幅要高于全省平均增幅；

“一个新台阶”，就是城市规划建设管理水平要上一个新台阶，要成为鲁苏豫皖四省交界处的区域中心城市；

“一个新跨越”，就是国民经济实现超常规、跨越式发展，到2007年本届市委、市政府任期满的时候，菏泽的GDP在2002年的基础上翻一番，由250亿元达到500亿元，二、三产业的比重达到80％以上。

说到底，就是要求菏泽“超常规”发展。不脱几层皮、掉几斤肉，这个目标是很难实现的。

记者：你认为“突破菏泽”的突破口在什么地方？

陈光：“冰冻三尺非一日之寒”，菏泽落后不是短时间的问题，所以在落实上不能平均用力，必须选择突破口。我们的思路很明确，就是“解放思想、更新观念，深化改革、扩大开放，突出重点、工业立市”，突破口就是要借助外力，启动内力，增加投入，上项目，办企业，加强工业的发展。现在巨野煤田正在开发，兖矿来了，华润发电厂已开工建设，荷兰焦化厂项目也已达成意向，像这么一批几十亿上百亿的项目引进来，菏泽就会是另一番景象。

记者：在目前现有的条件下，该如何启动内力？

陈光：“突破”不是说给大项目，给多少钱，给优惠政策。给的是一股强劲的东风，给了干部强大的压力，给了老百姓信心和斗志。怎样启动内部活力？首先是推进思想的大解放和观念的大更新。要看到菏泽的区位优势，看到菏泽丰富的自然资源，看到菏泽的巨大发展潜力，看到经过十几年积累的基础建设条件，看到我们千载难逢的战略机遇，看到广大干部群众盼富求变的强烈愿望。

省委、省政府领导在现场会上也说，启动菏泽发展的内在活力，必须坚持深化改革，消除影响发展的体制障碍。所以，只要是符合“三个有利于”标准的，只要是有利于菏泽发展的，看准了的事情就先干起来。怎么干？关键在改革创新，只要是为了事业发展，只要方向正确，只要主流是好的，个别方面出现点问题无关紧要。对于基层的创新，一时看不准的，不点头可以，但不要轻易摇头，看一看，成功的就总结推广，有问题就进一步完善。现场会开了，差距也找到了，现在就是撕开口子，冲上去干的时候了，这就是战场，谁还在那里左顾右盼、慢慢悠悠，“枪子”就专打谁。菏泽的干部不能搞平衡，不能当实习生，必须立马就干，不能干就下。

记者：在经济发展上，菏泽的潜力在哪里？

陈光：菏泽是农业大市，必须在此基础上寻求发展与突破。现在，菏泽的县域经济集中体现在棉花生产与加工、木材加工、牛羊肉加工三大产业，已经初具规模，成了优势和特色。这三大产业特色突出的郓城县，明年就可进入全省第一梯队。

经济结构不合理是菏泽经济的最大症结，菏泽要实现跨越式发展，必须把结构调整作为经济工作的重中之重，努力调优调减第一产业，做大做强第二产业，创新搞活第三产业。我们要建设全省重要的优质绿色农副产品加工基地，着力点是抓畜牧和食品加工业、林业和林产品加工业、高档果蔬花卉业三大亮点；要建设商贸流通基地，着力点是抓好菏泽口岸建设、辐射全国的大型专业批发市场建设和物流配送中心建设三大亮点；要建设山东省重要的能源化工基地，着力点是抓好煤炭能源综合开发、石油天然气综合开发、精细化工产品综合开发三大亮点。

在转移农村劳动力方面，菏泽有农村劳动力400万，剩余200万，菏泽的劳务输出大有文章可做。菏泽一方面要搞城乡统筹，还要搞区域统筹。目前已经建立起了特色劳务市场，重点打造保安、家政、园艺三大品牌。去年从菏泽转移出去了93万人，今后三年内，省政府再帮助我们转移60万人，我相信出去的人不仅有工作做，有饭吃，还能带回来资金、技术、管理经验，对菏泽的发展是有巨大促进作用的。

转变观念促发展

记者：你总结菏泽发展时曾提到观念落后，具体体现在哪些方面？

陈光：自上世纪90年代中期，菏泽的经济就徘徊不前，然而，就是面对这样一个无可辩驳且令人尴尬的现实，有些人就是不承认，说起话来“牛气”冲天：“别看我们工业不行，农业不比他们差。”当然也有承认落后的，但一说起落后的原因，又成了“怨气”，都是上级政策的错――不给倾斜政策，不投入，怎么能不欠发达？随之是“丧气”，许多人看不到菏泽的潜力与希望，丧失发展的勇气和信心。有人公开讲：菏泽是跟不上了，克林顿来当市长也没用！

总体上说，菏泽的干部是好的，但也存在这样那样的问题。首先是工作标准太低，办法少，不敢碰硬。东部干部干工作常常是这样的：领导交代了十分，他自己会用十二分的措施、二十四分的干劲去抓落实，由于种种困难和问题，他能干到七分、八分；而我们菏泽的有些干部，你布置十分，他就琢磨：先等等看看再说，别看上边说得硬，这个事情没法办。结果回去定目标的时候就照着五六分定，能干成二三分就算不错的。有的时候要催上三遍五遍，他才有反应，“看样子这事还真得干”，然后才见动静。

还有的人作风十分漂浮。你开会布置个事，他回去把文件往桌上一放，下级问他怎么办，他让人家看着办。汇报起来总是“差不多”、“大概”，工作不细致，钻不下去。这里边有文化的原因、氛围的原因、用人导向的原因，我认为主要还是教育不够，放任自流；约束不够，缺少批评与监督；激励不够，没有调动起干真事的积极性。看到了这些差距，就是看到了我们的潜力，改了它，就是潜力的发挥。

记者：菏泽准备如何解决这个问题？

陈光：首先是不间断地教育动员。现场会后的1个月里，我们组织召开了两次全市范围的动员大会：一个是加快发展誓师大会，一个是全市干部作风集中教育整顿活动动员大会，主要目的是进一步转变干部群众的思想观念，统一思想认识，明确任务目标，把全市的精力都凝聚到加快菏泽发展上来 ，实现“突破菏泽”的目标。在突破期间，要严格考核奖惩制度，抓一批典型，有好的也有坏的，通过考核奖惩考出压力、考出干劲、考出好的作风和成效。

记者：你认为菏泽的突破大体需要多长时间？

陈光：当年我们就能见成效，3年就很好看，5年见大成效。比如说投入，2003年我们共投入了162亿元，从目前的进度和配套资金进入情况看，2004年投资增幅达到100％是没有问题的。从GDP看，2003年菏泽的增长是12.3%，处于一个快速增长期，特别是农民收入高于全省增幅。菏泽正处于工业化初期，这个时期恰恰属于投资拉动期和高速发展期，有了外资的投入和内部活力的启动，菏泽的超常规发展是可以预期的。

As the key decision maker of Heze City, Chen Guang, the secretary of the CPC Heze Municipal Committee, has a special sense concerning the decision “Breaking through Heze,” which has been carried forward by the provincial government. Over the previous month, centering round this strategic decision, Chen has been making blueprints for a new Heze. He says that “the pressure to make this successful” is too heavy to give him time to catch his breath. “The clarion call has been sounded to commence the battle: Heze cannot retreat, but must put up a desperate fight.”

Reporter (R): What do you think about the significance of the great strategic decision of “Breaking though Heze?”

Chen Guang (Chen): “Breaking through” means difficulties, determination, and great significance. Seen from the viewpoint of the provincial government, this is a grand decision to serve the people by practicing the “Three Represents Theory.” (The party should always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)

Poverty attracts no one. Only changing the undeveloped status of Heze can make the government of Heze trusted by the people and promote the rapid development of the whole country. So the decision of “Breaking through Heze” gives expression to the ideology of scientific development. The coordinated regional economic development of the eastern and western areas of Shandong is a necessary condition for the sustainable development of Shandong’s economy.

During the early period of China’s reform and opening-up, the central government promulgated a policy to “enable some people and some regions to become rich first,” and this was successful in improving incomes in the eastern regions. Now, the central government is speeding up the development of the western regions. In Shandong, “Breaking through Heze” also has the broader aim of promoting the coordinated development of the eastern and western areas of Shandong Province.

In addition, “Breaking through Heze” has important significance for the whole country. First of all, this is a flexible combination of exercising governmental powers within the developing market economy. [In western countries, it is often thought that the market should operate by itself, without much government regulation or interference, but here in China, we believe that] the government should play a guiding role to ensure that a “win-win” result for all concerned parties is achieved by the workings of the market.

Secondly, in a market economy, and especially in China today, how to deal with the coordination of and balance between developed and the undeveloped regions is a major concern. Thirdly, the allocation of cadres in the western regions. To develop the western region, we must rely on the local cadres and masses. The reasonable allocation of cadres plays an important function on the development of the western region.

R: What has the recently concluded “On-the-Spot Working Conference on Speeding up the Development of Heze” brought for Heze?

Chen: This on-the-spot working conference has brought about vitality for Heze’s further reform and opening-up and power for further work. It also has brought about power for the development of the county regional economy, the speeding-up of the industrialization process, and the impetus to increase the income of farmers.

Shandong’s provincial government has determined a working goal for Heze, which comprises “Three Remarkables,” “Three Highers,” “One New Step,” and “One New Great Leap Forward.” This is the most powerful support for Heze. Honestly speaking my mind at present, what we feel most is strong spiritual support from the provincial government. “Breaking through Heze” has brought for us a most realistic, most important, and yet a final opportunity. If we lose this opportunity, we will lose Heze’s tomorrow and become the persons held up to infamy through the ages. My words sound overwhelming. However, if you know the current status of Heze today, they are not overwhelming at all.

R: What are the goals and requirements for “Breaking through Heze?”

Chen: The on-the-spot working conference set a “3-3-1-1” goal for Heze.

First, the “Three Remarkables” means a remarkable speeding-up of economic development, a remarkable growth of comprehensive economic strength, and a remarkable promotion of the quality of economic operations.

Second, the “Three Highers” means that the growth rate of our GDP should be higher than the average growth rate within the whole province; the increase of fixed assets investment should be higher than the average in the province; and the increase of pure income per capita of the farmers should be higher than average.

Third, “One New Step” means that the overall level of city planning, construction and management should be promoted to “One New Step,” turning Heze into a major center city connecting the neighboring provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan and Anhui.

Fourth, “One New Great Leap Forward” means that the macro economy of Heze should quickly realize extraordinary development. In 2007, the term of office of the current government will be over; and our intention is that the GDP of Heze will double from 25 billion yuan in 2002 to 50 billion yuan in 2006, while secondary and tertiary industries will account for 80% of the total.

R: In terms of economic development, where do Heze’s chief potentials lie?

Chen: At present, Heze’s advantageous economic power is concentrated on cotton production and processing, timber processing, and beef and mutton processing, which have formed initial scales of success with advantages and special characteristics.

We will construct large bases to promote commerce and trade. For example, we will concentrate on the construction of land ports, large scale professional wholesale markets, and logistics centers radiating in all directions nationwide. We will also construct important bases for energy resources and the chemical industry; and these will concentrate on the comprehensive development of our coal, oil, and natural gas resources, as well as fine chemical products.