人工流产术妇女的术前焦虑分析及护理干预

[摘要] 目的 分析接受人工流产术妇女的术前焦虑情况，评估护理干预对术前焦虑的影响。 方法 选取我服务站120例施行人工流产术的孕妇，将其随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各60例。在术前30 min和护理干预后分别用焦虑自评量表评估孕妇的焦虑程度，分析干预前后焦虑评分的变化和术中的疼痛程度。 结果 在干预前，观察组和对照组的焦虑评分比较差异无统计学意义（t = 0.841 4，P ＞ 0.05）。术后1周观察组的焦虑评分为（36.5±8.7）分，明显比对照组低（t = 3.907 1，P ＜ 0.01）；干预前后观察组的焦虑评分差值为（7.8±3.5）分，显著高于对照组的（3.1±2.7）分（t = 8.235 9，P ＜ 0.05）；观察组术中轻度疼痛占81.67%，远高于对照组的61.67%（χ2=5.909 7，P ＜ 0.05）。 结论 由于各种因素的影响，选择人工流产术的妇女有不同程度的焦虑心理，需要采用护理干预，缓解焦虑，帮助手术的顺利进行和受术者的康复。

[关键词] 人工流产；护理；焦虑

[中图分类号] R473.71 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）08（b）-0134-02

Analysis of preoperative anxiety on women undergoing induced abortion and relevant nursing intervention

LIU Shuyu

Family Planning Service Station of Liuting Street of Chengyang District in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, Qingdao 266018, China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the preoperative anxiety of women undergoing induced abortion and to assess the influence of nursing intervention on preoperative anxiety. Methods A total of 120 pregnant women undergoing induced abortion were randomly divided into observation group and control group, each group had 60 cases. The anxiety degrees 30 minutes before surgery and after nursing intervention were measured using the self-rating anxiety scale. The changes of anxiety scores before and after intervention and intraoperative pain degrees were analyzed. Results Before intervention, the anxiety scores of the observation group and the control group were not significantly different (t = 0.841 4, P > 0.05). One week after the surgery, the anxiety score of the observation group was (36.5±8.7) scores, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (t = 3.907 1, P < 0.01); the difference in anxiety degree between before and after intervention was (7.8±3.5) scores, which was significantly higher than the (3.1±2.7) scores of the control group (t = 8.235 9, P < 0.05); during the surgery, mild pain of the observation group accounted for 81.67%, which was far higher than the 61.67% of the control group (χ2=5.909 7, P < 0.05). Conclusion Because of the influence of various factors, women undergoing induced abortion suffered from different degrees of anxiety, which requires that nursing intervention be applied to relive the anxiety and help the successful operation and rehabilitation of patients.

[Key words] Abortion; Nursing; Anxiety

育龄女性由于避孕失败所致的意外妊娠，可以在妊娠的早期选择使用人工流产术终止妊娠，作为避孕失败的有效补救措施。虽然目前的人工流产术已经比较成熟，手术操作简单，所需时间较短，一般在门诊即可完成。但人工流产妇女一方面害怕手术疼痛，担忧术中或术后可能发生各种并发症，危害身体健康，影响夫妻生活，甚至失去生育能力，另一方面还有存在对避孕失败的烦恼[1]。这些因素综合起来很容易导致人流妇女在术前产生各种焦虑心理，不利于手术和术后的康复。本文通过对2010年12月～2011年8月在我院门诊部施行人工流产术的妇女进行术前护理干预，探讨其对受术者焦虑心理的影响。