“挑人拣物”的ed和ing形容词

时间:2022-10-01 01:46:54

中考英语试题中,辨别ed形容词和ing形容词用法的考点年年都出现。由于这类词的词义极为相近,因此使用时易混淆。下面结合近几年中考单项选择题中出现的这类试题谈谈这两种形容词的用法区别。

英语中,表示“感觉状况”方面的形容词有ed和ing两种形式。ed形式的形容词主要针对“人”,ing形式的形容词则主要针对“事物”。最常用的这类形容词有:interested(感兴趣的),interesting(有趣的);excited(激动的),exciting(令人激动的);annoyed(恼怒的),annoying(令人恼怒的);amazed(惊异的),amazing(令人惊异的、神奇的、迷人的);surprised(惊奇的),surprising(令人惊奇的);moved(感动的),moving(令人感动的);disappointed(失望的),disappointing(令人失望的);tired(疲倦的),tiring(令人疲倦的);bored(感到厌烦的),boring(令人厌烦的);delighted(高兴的),delighting(令人高兴的);pleased(高兴的、满意的),pleasing(令人高兴的、令人满意的);puzzled(感到迷惑的),puzzling(令人迷惑的);frightened(感到害怕的),frightening(令人害怕的);shocked(感到震惊的),shocking(令人震惊的)。我们可以用下面的顺口溜巧记两者的用法区别:

人前人后用ed,物前物后用ing。

所谓“人前人后用ed”,指的是ed形式的形容词常用作“人”前的定语和“人”后的表语。例如:

The puzzled mother asked me why her daughter always had so many questions to ask.那个迷惑不解的母亲问我,为什么她女儿总是有那么多的问题要问。(puzzled在mother前作定语)

Mr. White was quite puzzled about what to do next. 怀特先生对下一步该怎么做感到非常困惑。(puzzled在Mr. White后作表语)

The excited people had already left when I got there.当我到达那儿的时候,那些激动的人们已经离开。(excited在people前作定语)

All of them were very surprised to see that her name headed the list.他们看到她的名字居第一位,全都感到非常惊奇。(surprised在All of them后作表语)

除“人”之外,也可以用ed形式的形容词来表示“飞禽走兽”的情感。例如:

The small fox was frightened and ran into the deep forest. 那只小狐狸受到惊吓,跑进了深山老林。(frightened在The small fox后作表语)

The frightened bird had no choice but to fly into the dark cave. 那只受到惊吓的鸟儿别无他法,只好飞进了漆黑的山洞。(frightened在bird前作定语)

所谓“物前物后用ing”,指的是ing形式的形容词用作“事、物”前的定语和“事、物”后的表语或宾语补足语。例如:

This disappointing situation may finally reach a turning point.这种令人失望的状况最终可能达到一个转折点。(disappointing作situation的定语)

The teams performance the day before yesterday was disappointing. 前天这个队的表现令人失望。(disappointing在The teams performance后作表语)

We were very excited to hear the exciting news.听到那个激动人心的消息,我们感到非常兴奋。(exciting作news的定语)

He recognized her voice immediately and that was not surprising.他立即听出了她的声音,这也并不奇怪。(surprising在that后作表语)

She thought the report very interesting, but most of us didnt. 她认为这个报告很有趣,可我们大多数人都不这么认为。(interesting在thought the report后作宾语补足语)

请看下面的中考题及解析:

1.(2013年雅安卷)Its reallythat a tortoise can150 years old.

A. amazed; live to

B. amazed; live up to

C. amazing; live up

D. amazing; live to

2.(2013年烟台卷)Whatnews it is! Nobodyit.

A. a surprising; believes

B. surprising; believes

C. a surprised; believe

D. surprised; believe

3.(2012年达州卷)―Peter has changed a lot, hasnt he?

―Yes. He used tothe guitar, but now he is morein playing soccer.

A. plays; interested

B. play; interested

C. play; interesting

D. playing; interest

4.(2011年福州卷)―We all like Miss Wang.

―I agree with you. She always makes her English classes .

A. interestedB. interest

C. interesting

5.(2011年烟台卷)When I was walking past the window, I noticed Wang Feimy homework. I really got .

A. copying; annoyed

B. copying; annoying

C. copy; annoyed

D. copied; annoyed

第1题答案D。主语是It,因此要用ing形式的形容词作表语。句意是:乌龟能活到150岁,真是令人惊异。

第2题答案B。news属表示事物的名词,因此要用ing形式的形容词作定语。句意是:多么令人惊讶的消息啊!没人相信它。

第3题答案B。主语是he,因此要用ed形式的形容词作表语。句意是:过去他常弹吉他,可现在他对踢足球更感兴趣。

第4题答案C。宾语是表示“事物”的her English classes,因此后面的宾语补足语要用ing形式的形容词。句意是:我同意你的看法。她总是把她的课上得令人感兴趣。

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