浅谈智能化系统施工抗干扰的措施和要点

摘要:随着计算机控制技术、网络技术和信息技术的发展,智能建筑对自动化水平要求越来越高,采用的电子设备越来越多,集成度越来越高,信息存储量也越来越大,但耐压等级却较低,对外界干扰极其敏感,很容易受到各种干扰。智能建筑环境存在着大量的电气干扰源,如大型的变配电设备、电梯机房设备、中央空调设备的起/停信号和雷电干扰等。弱电系统在运行中常常由于抗干扰措施不当,轻则使设备的工作可靠性降低,产生误码、错码、误动作、系统数据丢失,重则使系统处于死机、故障和瘫痪的状态。因此,在智能建筑弱电系统的建设中不仅要注重性能指标和设备的先进性,更要做好系统的防干扰。

智能化工程系统抗干扰主要有：系统设计上的抗干扰、信号线路上的干扰及处理措施、过电压保护措施、防电磁干扰、接地抗干扰和软件抗干扰。

系统设计上的抗干扰是最有效最根本的措施，软件抗干扰是完善系统抗干扰的补救措施，不属于施工过程中的技术措施，与施工技术的好与坏没有直接的关系。在施工过程中如做好信号线路上的抗干扰、过电压保护、防电磁干扰、接地抗干扰等施工技术措施，就能大大的提高智能设备运行的可靠性及稳定性。下面我们就谈一下施工过程中的一些抗干扰措施。

关键词：干扰 抗干扰 信号

Abstract: along with the computer control technology, network technology and the development of information technology, intelligent building automation level to demand more and more, the electronic equipment is more and more, integration more and more high, information storage volume is more and more big, but stress levels are low, extremely sensitive to outside interference, very vulnerable to all kinds of interference. Intelligent building environment there is a lot of electrical interference sources, such as large variable power distribution equipment, elevator computer room equipment, the central air conditioning equipment up/stop signal interference and thunder. Low voltage system in operation of often due to improper anti-interference measures, light is the work of equipment reliability is reduced, produce error, error action, system, wrong words.if it lose data, heavy then make the system in a crash, fault and paralyzed state. Therefore, in intelligent building elv systems from the construction of not only to pay attention to performance index and equipment advanced, more to do well the system of the interference.

Intelligence engineering system anti-interference mainly has: the system design anti-interference signal lines, the interference and treatment measures on the way, overvoltage protection measures, preventing electromagnetic interference, grounding anti-interference and software anti-jamming.

System design is the most effective anti-interference the fundamental measures, software anti-interference is to perfect the system of anti-interference remedial measures, do not belong to the construction process of technical measures, and construction technology of good and bad no direct relationship. In the construction process such as well on the way of anti-interference signal lines, over-voltage protection, preventing electromagnetic interference, grounding anti-interference measures such construction techniques, can greatly improve the intelligence of the equipment operation reliability and stability. Next, we will talk about the construction process of some anti-disturbance measures.

Key words: anti-interference signal interference

中图分类号：TN97文献标识码： A 文章编号：

1.感应干扰及处理措施

任何交变电信号都会通过耦合途径传播到邻近的线路上去,因为在邻近的线路之间或强电力电磁设备与线路之间存在着分布电容及各自对地的电容,并且线路之间还存在互感,这些信号的大小决定着感应信号的强弱。

受干扰线路对地的阻抗为：

式1：Z = ZF ZJ / ( ZF + ZJ )

式中：ZF ——发送端内阻抗

ZJ ——接收端内阻抗

感应电压为：

式2：U = jωCAB ZUo /1 + jω(CAB + CB ) Z≈jω

CAB ZUo

式中CAB ——线间分布电容

Uo ——干扰电压