The Analysis And Countermeasure of College Students' Certificate-Hot Phenomenon

Abstract:The phenomenon of college Certificate-Hot has become more processes in recent years.Affected by community, schools and individuals, and many other factors, “Certificate-Hot” leads students to ignore developing the ability, which affects the normal professional learning of students, increasing family burden catalytic, catalyticing the pragmatism and the quick success in learning psychology.This leads to more serious problems, such as human dislocation, education devaluation phenomenon.To this end,states should not only improve the qualification system and talent evaluation systemfurtherly, but also standardize the behavior of employers and training institutions,to establish a good market system.Universities should continue to deepen the teaching reform and improve the employment guidance college students, encouraging students to start their own businesses.At the same time, college students should establish a clearly defined career development plan to overcome the psychological certificates bias, so that they can focus on cultivating practical ability.

Keywords: college students; Certificate-Hot; problems; reasons; countermeasures

In recent years, with the talent evaluation system of gradual and international standards, professional access system in China has initially established, vocational qualification certificates has become a choose of “pass”.Therefore, the certificates heat begin to appear.College students actively participate in certificates can contribute to optimize the structure improved of students ‘knowledge,can contribute to help develop students’ innovative ability and sense of competition, can contribute to help improve the overall quality of students and help sutdents get the reform of higher education mechanisms.But excessive keen on certificates also led to a series of negative effects.For example, students too much emphasis on the impact of the professional certificates than normal learning, which catalytic psychological pragmatism, self-interest and profit-oriented learning, and ultimately exacerbated the phenomenon of human dislocation and devaluation of qualifications.Therefore, certificates on the phenomenon of college study to analyze the problems, causes and countermeasures has important practical significance.

I. The status of university students participated in certificates

In order to understand the phenomenon of college certificates, I conducted a survey in October 2013, which focus on the reasons for college students to participate in certificates, the types of certificates, the capital of certificates and other issues of certificates among Qingdao Agricultural University students.Survey included 15 freshmen, 15 sophomores, juniors and seniors each 35; boys 49, girls 51; liberal arts students 51,49 science students; 54 people from rural families, 46 people from urban households.Survey questionnaires were sent to 100 parts and recovered 100 valid questionnaires, the survey found that college students to certificates the phenomenon as follows:

(A)the characteristics to the phenomenon of college certificates

1.A huge army certificates team

Course of the investigation, 69% of students said they had taken part in the various certificates society; 30% of the students indicated that they had never taken part in it, but could be taken futurely; just 1% of the students did not intend to test in the future.Thus, 99% of the students had taken or will soon join the ranks of certificates, in accordance with this trend, “certificates family” team will be more and more large.

2.Strong motivation to certificates employment, employment concerns earlier time

Current students have a clear purpose on the choice of a variety of taken Certificates.In the survey, only 15 percent of people think the profession is of good employment prospects, up to 77% of the students think the future employment will be a sense of crisis.Under such pressure, in order to have an ideal place for after graduation, in order to make themeslves have a strong competitive edge in today’s job market, college students have to join “certificates” family, to increase their bargaining chip and self-confidence.Therefore, when asked about the purpose of certificates, 74% of college students made it clear that certificates are prepared for future employment; 16% is because of enjoying improving their knowledge and ability; just 7 %t of students are blindly follow the trend that others who went to the test, and they don’t want to be falled behind by the times; 3% of the students to certificates other purpose, such as the certificates is diverted to the “stepping stone” and so on.

Obtain a large number of certificate, cover a wide range, but more than half of it has nothing to do with the professional.

The survey found that 45% of the students in my school have obtained a certificate of two or more than two,17% of the students have obtained a certificate of three or more .Thus, our students obtain not only a large number of certificate, a covers a wide range.Fairly certificate has been part of the college’ current learning attitude to study ,which can increase employment weights.Therefore, many students choose to test several popular current workplace certificate, hoping to giving a hand in the future work.But it also found that only 46% of students and professional examination certificate is relevant, more then 54% of students’ certificate are of on use.

4. The certificate selection pertinence and low gold content

Students have many certificate which cover a wide range.However in this investigation, we found there is no specific in the university student’ certificate.Only 18% of students believe that the certificate is of great use in the future job, up to 77% of people think that the certificate is not much action, five percent of the students believe the certificate in the employment without any help .

5.The cost of certificates is to large

Students’ certificates as an investment is the need to invest in education. The economic cost of certificates will be paid expensively.Currently, students need to spend at least 500 yuan to get permits from the entry, and sometimes even thousands.for example, computer grade examination, advanced office automation, human resources manager, secretary certificates, teacher qualification certificates and so on, those are not small burden for most students.In the author’s survey, 52% of the students participating in certificates have participated in the training whose fees are not the same .

II.The analysis of college students’ Certificate-Hot phenomenon

Any phenomenon has a certain social context and historical roots, the reasons for the students’ Certificate-Hot can be obtained from three levels of analysis,such as state and society, universities, students themselves.

(A)National and social causes

1.Due to national or local policy

March 2001, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security issued a “hold vocational qualification certificates of professional employment directory”, which provides 90 sectors must have credentials to enter.According to the directory,industries and sectors must obtain the appropriate certificates from a vocational school diploma or vocational trainingand .It access to appropriate professional qualifications of the personnel that related to this recruitment.This shows that, in many industries job, degree Certificates are no longer the only need employment pass, but also need relevant professional qualifications of the job.Occupation access system is not only an international practice, but also the future trend of China’s employment in the future. There will be more and more industries to implement access system.This leads to university students keen to conduct certificates.

2.The severe employment situation

According to statistics, the number of college graduates had reached to 6.8 million in 2012, increasing by 200,000, compared with 2011 .The number of college graduates had reached to 6.99 million in 2013. On this trend, the number of college graduates in 2014 will reach to 7.27 million. Since more than 100 million students had not be employed, unemployed people number in the community was lager, the impact of the financial crisis was serious, the employment situation of college graduates ware enormous.On this form, diploma increasingly less competitive when looking for a job,however the students who have the academic credentials and professional qualifications of college students are more likely to get more chance.In face of heavy pressure on employment, obtaining various Certificates to improve their competitiveness in the job market is an important reason why many college students are more and more interested in certificates.

3. Doesn’t regulate the behavior of the employer

For some reason, such as college job market is too institutional and legal construction is not perfect, there are so many employers’ irregularities in the process to recruit college students, which affects the normal operation of the labor market,.This has an impact on the behavior of college students’ certificates.Many employers believe that vocational qualifications are engaged in some kind of basic necessary for professional knowledge, skills and capabilities, are a good basis for the work of the occupation.Units look recruiting highly educated graduates as signs to enhance their reputation, which leads to comparisons phenomenon.Some units owned the number of vocational certificates or Certificates as a measure of talent, which caused “talent high consumption” phenomenon.These reason have propelled the Certificate-Hot.

4.Fueled by various training institutions

Campus information bar is full of advertisements of training institutions. For example, in Qingdao agricultural school,there is a sky, sail, sea Wen, Wen Du, Sky, Beida Jade Bird training institutions?and so on.Some of the training institutions directly employ university campus agent, by those directly into the quarters of the benefits of certificates and promotional offers.this caused a certain amount of “media offensive” Objectively, causing more and more students join the ranks of certificates voluntarily .

(B) The reasons for college

Although in recent years the University has been engaged in the education system reform,But this talent could not fully meet the requirements of modern enterprises,which finally cause the phenomenon of “derailment”.This phenomenon is an important factor leading to the rise of hot certificates, universities should deeply reflect on it .

1.High education management system is imperfect

China’s higher education institutions are still not perfect.For example, the textbook knowledge structure is lagging behind, teaching methods are backward, curriculum are outdated, theory and Practice of contact is not enough.This cause the University College Students who can not adapt to the needs of the unit immediately after graduation.What society needs is practical skills of students. Some college students in order to make their own knowledge structure meet the needs of the community and make up for lack of school education, they often choose to attend the “certificates” to improve their professional skills, knowledge structure and comprehensive abilityit.

2.Employment guidance universities are not in place

Currently, many colleges and universities are not in place in employment guidance.Career college should be a long-term work, not only need to help students successfully be employed,but also need to help students develop a clear career development planand establish a good career outlook.Many colleges and universities set up short-term employment guidance only before the last semester of graduation.Its guiding objective of the course content is facile and guidance, career guidance method is simple,simplistic traces of employment guidance still exist, with little success.

(C) The reasons for the students themselves

Certificates are very normal phenomenon in nowadays. Because many college students are too blindly to participate in the certificates, the certificate-hot is increaseing day by day.Students began to obtain various certificates when they don’t consider their own interests and specialties,don’t consider the relevance and future professional career need, don’t consider the most rational choice.It shows that certificate-hot is not a surprising.

1.The college’s career development planning is not clear

College students are now ubiquitous confused state,34% of the students have a clear career development plan, 5% of the students have a little career planning, while 61% of of students don’t have any career development plan.This shows that the majority of students have no clear goals and direction for their job .Most of them are in confusion, thinking future edge and making uncleariy about their future plans. .Under intense pressure on employment, many people blindly attend to certificates teams.

2.Students ‘ career preferences

College students often have personal conflicts between expectations and real-world, have personal conditions between contradictions of market constraints, forming the misunderstanding on the concept of employment in careers process.This is due to the following reasons.

First, by comparing themself with others blindly.Some students think that conditions are same between students in College,so it should not select quit different among others when choose to do some things.In addition, many college students will follow their classmates when they know someone who takes part in certificates.Such blind competition has exacerbated Certificate-Hot.

III.The policy analysis of guiding students research reasonably

(A)Nation and society

1.States continue to promote and establish the certification systems and personnel evaluation system of international standards.

With the internationalization of China’s talent evaluation system, China has gradually established the occupation access system.The vocational qualification certificates become a “pass”. Compared with the advanced countries, the biggest problem of our personnel system and personnel evaluation system is the neglect of vocational skills. Therefore , we must continue to promote and establish the personnel evaluation system. The government should formulate appropriate policy measures to strengthen the management efforts of the vocational qualification system. Meanwhile ,the government should constructe a reasonable professional certification system,which guarantee the certificate become a kid of valid proof of the professional competence.It will become a authority industry-recognized. Through this work,we can standardize the order in the market of the research,reducing the likelihood of blind research .

2.Government should improve the market system,supervise,regulate the behavior of these training institutions.

Government should be highly concerned about all sorts of negative phenomena in tne training market. Government should seriously clean up these training institutions. The Government should strengthen the monitoring of the process of teaching in these training institutions to ensure that the trainging will help students obtain the professional quality and practical ability.

3, The employer must establish the right talent views

According to these analysis of the educators,the view about that “Certificate on behalf of the strength”is biased.People who have many certificates may not have a strong comprehensive quality.College students main task is to learn the professional knowledge during the school,and lay a solid foundation for the development in the future.. Employers should establish the right talent view,and evaluation college students with a comprehensive vision. In the recruitment process , the employer should be more emphasis on the candidate’s ability and accomplishment.

(B) The university level

Schools focus on training the theoretical knowledge,but the community pay attention to the practical skills. When school’s education can not meet the students’ needs to improve their practical skills, students will resort to research. When college education can not give the freedom of choosing profession,students lack the knowledge and ability to meet the requirements of professional,they favor research. Responsibility of these universities is guide students to research reasonably.

1. The university should further deepen the teaching reform, efforts to create conditions to learn for the students.

Students’ research is a spontaneous choice for learning content. So the best way to guide students’ ‘research’ behavior is to deepen the teaching reform. On the training mechanism,university should pay close attention to the dynamics of employment market .They should carefully study the various needs of the market for talent,and study the employment situation and trends. According to the law of market demand,uiversity should Determine the course content and teaching methods. In the professional building, on the one hand ,they should pay attention to broaden the caliber for the existing professional, expand service coverage, enhanced application, relevance and flexibility;on the other hand ,they should develop new professional what is needed to current economic construction and social development,including subjoin some popular professionals. In the teaching content, uiversity should accelerate the establishment and improvement of the credit so that students can obtain the freedom of choice and opportunity for self-design.University should establish major and minor system so that students can learn other professional courses as needed . In addition, the implementation of the second major and double degree system is needed. It can elp students become versatile talents. Schools can set up a “elective Steering Committee” or “elective Steering Group”. They can guide students scientificly and rationally choice elective courses and professional. In this aspect of school education reform, Qingdao Agricultural University do a very good example for the university. In recent years, schools close attention to the demand for talent. According to the market requirements,school subjoin some new professional. Secondly, in order to improve students’ comprehensive ability and quality, schools opened a variety of required course and public class. Finally, the school has established a perfect credit. If students has completed the required credits ,they can develop their own by self-interest.

2. Strengthen and improve employment guidance for college students

Firstly,schools should set up a special career guidance agencies. It can educate college students to develop a full range of professional ideals, values ??of life, employment outlook, timber concept, entrepreneurial outlook. Universities should be based on the survey and let guide research into career guidance. School should fully respect the students’ interests and help students clarify their career goals and career objectives. It also help students select the relevant qualification certificate as a part of career planning. Secondly ,universities should give full play to the role of a bridge between students and employers. College career guidance department should be timely collection the market information.And they should pass these information to graduate with the fastest and most effective way. Career guidance departments should pay attention to establish good cooperation with the employer so that they can put up a good platform for students to social practice.

3. Encouraged, help students start their own businesses

College students start their own business can solve the employment problem. It also can provide employment opportunities to others. So colleges and universities should be encouraged to support students start their own businesses. Firstly,schools can provide entrepreneurial place for college students on campus. Secondly ,schools can provide business loans for students. Schools can invite talented entrepreneurs and scholars discusse with college students.

(C) The level of the students themselves

Students should clear their career development plan, and establish a correct concept of research.

1.Students have a clear career development plan, not blind research

Students should combine their professional learning with self-interests to clearly understand their strengths and weaknesses. According to their own career planning ,students should in a targeted manner with their own interests obtain the appropriate certificate.. Appropriate to consider a degree what close with their professional certificate. Students in the process of preparing research,Students should research with the purpose that we should acquire more knowledge.

2.Emphasis on practical exercises

The fundamental to enhance the employability and competitiveness of college is their ability. Therefore,students should be to enhance the ability as the ultimate goal. College students should strive to learn the professional courses during the school and improve their practical ability.

3.Take the initiative to participate in psychological counseling

Students’ research focused not strong, largely due to the comparisons and inferiority complex. College students should actively seek psychological counseling and maintain a good attitude for research. College students should correctly understand and evaluate their own. Students shuld effectively exclude a variety of psychological distress and establish a correct concept of research.

References:

[1] Zhang Cuiping. Effect of heat on college employment research[J]. Chinese Outstanding Master Thesis,2009. (10).

[2] Zhang Saibin. Thermal analysis of sociological research university students[J]. Hunan Social Sciences, 2009.5.28.

[3] Liu Huijie. College career planning and career guidance [M]. Education Science Press, 2009.

[4] Wu Shaoxin.On college graduates' employment costs"[J].SEN UNIVERSITY Essays, 2000.(4).

About the Author:

Sun Xiaofeng (1979 -), female, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, the Communist Youth League secretary, lecturer, Qingdao Agricultural University certificates: ideological and political education