初探定语从句

时间:2022-09-23 12:19:26

中考英语对定语从句的考查主要是考查关系词的选用,所以我们首先要弄清关系词的分类:

关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose

关系副词:where,when,why

要想弄清定语从句中关系词的选用,就必须依照下列步骤对其进行分析判断:

第一步:找出先行词和关系词。例如:

Tom told his father all that had happened.

其中that had happened是定语从句,all是先行词,that是关系代词。

The room where he lives is a large one.

其中where he lives是定语从句,The room是先行词,where是关系副词。

第二步:确定关系词在定语从句中充当的成分。

1) 作主语――关系代词――先行词指人――who/that

先行词指物――which/that 例如:

I know the girl who/that has long hair.

This is the dog that/which you lost yesterday.

2) 作宾语――关系代词――先行词指人――who/whom/that

先行词指物――which/that 例如:

I don’t know the man who/that/whom my father is talking to.

I like the music that/which I can dance to.

3) 作定语――关系代词whose。 例如:

Do you know the girl whose hair is curly?

4) 作时间状语――关系副词when (= in/at/on which)。 例如:

Do you remember the year when/in which I was born.

I will never forget the day when/on which the old man died.

5) 作地点状语――关系副词where(in/on/at which)。 例如:

This is the factory where/in which he works.

The park where/in which he likes taking a walk was built in 1678.

6) 作原因状语――先行词通常是reason――关系副词why (= for which)。 例如:

This is the reason why/for which I was late.

第三步:在下列场合只能用that引导定语从句。

1) 先行词是all ,little,much,none,everything等代词时。例如:

All that glitters is not gold.

2) 先行词前面有the only,the very,the last,序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如:

The girl is the only person that came here on time.

3) 两个先行词中既有人又有物时。例如:

Do you remember the people and the stories that he talked about yesterday?

4) 主句是以which引起的特殊疑问句时。例如:

Which is the book that you want to borrow?

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