一击即中――击剑的艺术

击剑是一项历史悠久的体育运动项目。它结合了优雅的动作和灵活的战术,要求运动员精神高度集中,拥有良好的肢体协调性,体现出运动员良好的动作和敏捷的反应。当运动员在场上优雅地挥动长剑、为得分呐喊时,作为普通观众的我们也许没看懂多少。如果你希望多了解击剑运动,搞清楚花剑、重剑和佩剑的区别,请看――

You’re wearing a mask that covers your whole face and dressed in padded[加上衬垫] clothing. You dance back and forth gracefully while holding a flexible[易弯曲的] metal rod in one hand. Are you:

 Carefully fishing for man-eating piranha[产于南美产的一种小鱼]?

 Serving as an experimental human lightning rod[避雷针]?

NO! You’re fencing!

Fencing is the sport of swordplay. It began thousands of years ago as a way of training soldiers to fight with swords and eventually became a competitive team sport that anyone

can participate in. Fencers face off[对抗] on a 6-foot by 40-foot strip[带状物] with one of three kinds of swords, and duel each other not for blood or honor, but points. Individual fencers add up their points to get an overall team score, so fencing is a great example of a sport where you compete on your own, but you’re working together as a group to win the match.

Fencing requires strength, speed, balance, and a very sharp mind. A good strategy is perhaps the most important part of the sport, but fair play and sportsmanship are also necessary. Most colleges and many high schools have fencing teams, andcompetitions are held between clubs all over the world.

Fencing Basics

 There are three basic types of fencing, separated by the different weapons used:

 The foil[花剑] is a light, flexible blade that’s rectangular rather than round. Foils are about 35 inches long. To score a point, a fencer must touch his or her opponent[对手]’s torso[躯干] with only the tip of the blade.

 The epee[重剑] is about the same length as the foil, but twice as heavy, and with a stiffer[硬的] blade. As in foil, a fencer may touch her opponent with only the tip of the sword, but the entire body, not just the torso, is the target area.

 The saber[佩剑] is about the same length and weight as the foil. In saber fencing, the athlete can use both the tip and the cutting edge to score points, and the target area is anywhere from the opponent’s waist up to the top of the head注.

 Fencers wear protective gear[设备,装备] on their bodies and faces at all times during play. The object of the sport is to earn points by scoring touches within the target area, never to cause harm or injury.

Cool Fencing Facts

 At least one ancient Egyptian temple features[是……的特色] a painting of a fencing match. The painting dates back to 1190 BC!

 At about the time that Columbus was rediscovering the New World in the 1400s, fencing had become the “gentleman’s sport” in Europe.

 Fencing has been a competitive sport in every modern Olympic games since 1896.

 Fencing is a very fast-moving sport, so it can be difficult for judges to score points correctly. Because of this, many competitions are now scored electronically. The fencers wear sensors[传感器] that register[记录] points when their opponent makes contact with the sword.

你头戴遮住整个脸部的面罩,身穿衬垫加厚的衣服,优雅地前后跳跃,单手握着一支弹性金属杆。你这是在做什么呢?

 在小心翼翼地钓食人鱼?

 当一回实验性的人形避雷针?

都不对!你在击剑!

击剑是一种剑术运动。早在几千年前,击剑作为一种训练士兵用剑搏斗的方式而诞生,并最终演变成每个人都可以参与的团体竞技运动。击剑运动员手持三种剑的其中一种,在一块长40英尺(12米)、

宽6英尺(1.8米)的长条形区域里对赛。双方不是为了鲜血或荣誉而战,而是为了得分。各运动员的得分相加获得团体

总分,因此击剑是个人竞争、但最后仍需团体协作才能获胜的一个好例子。

击剑要求运动员有力量、速度、平衡性和极其敏锐的头脑。巧妙的策略或许是这项运动最重要的部分,但公平竞争和体育精神同样不可或缺。许多(美国)大学和高中都有击剑队,世界各地的俱乐部之间也会举办成人级别竞赛。

击剑基础知识

 根据使用的剑器不同,击剑可以分为三种基本类型:

 花剑重量较轻,剑身有弹性,横断面呈矩形而不是圆形,长约35英寸(0.89米)。运动员要以剑尖击中对手躯干

(上身)才可以得分。

 重剑的长度与花剑相当,但重量是后者的两倍,且剑身较硬。和花剑比赛一样,运动员仅能以剑尖击中对手得分,但有效区域为整个身体,而不仅限于躯干部位。

 佩剑的长度和重量都与花剑相当。在佩剑比赛中,运动员可以用剑尖及剑身得分,有效区域为对手腰部以上到头顶的

任何部位。

 在整个比赛过程中,运动员的身体和面部都穿戴着保护装备。该项运动的目标是击中对手的有效区域从而

得分,而不是伤及对手身体。

击剑趣闻录

 在古埃及的寺庙中,至少有一座出土了一幅击剑比赛的画。这幅画的历史可以追溯到公元前1190年!

 大约在15世纪哥伦布发现新大陆时,击剑在欧洲已经成为“绅士的

运动”。

 自1896年以来,击剑一直是每一届现代奥运会的竞技运动之一。

 击剑是一种动作极其迅捷的运动,裁判员有时很难正确判决得分。因此,现在很多比赛都采用电子判分。运动员身上戴着感应器,当对手持剑击中时便记录分数。

注:即佩剑击中的有效部位是上身、头盔及手臂。