广西检验检疫局构建防控屏障将疫情疫病堵在国门之外

据悉,广西出入境检验检疫局构筑口岸疫情疫病防控屏障,强化口岸检疫查验措施,充分发挥口岸疫情监测点和疫情信息报告员作用,防止传染病传入传出｡2004年检疫查验出入境人员318.4万多人次,传染病监测健康体检28.2万人次,艾滋病检测2.77万人次,检出传染病及病毒携带者4056例,其中检出艾滋病感染者20例､性病130例､肺结核13例､病毒性肝炎43例,其它传染病3852例｡

广西毗邻东南亚,随着中国―东盟自由贸易区的建立,广西口岸出入境人流､物流将急剧加大,由于东南亚国家卫生水平较低,疫情复杂,一旦人类传染病等疫情疫病随货物及交通运输工具传入,对我国的人民健康和工农业生产将造成严重影响｡为了使检验检疫工作适应中国―东盟自由贸易区的新形势,防止疫情传入传出,广西检验检疫局积极探索边境口岸疫病疫情监控体系建设,制定了广西口岸传染病疫情和突发公共卫生事件监测和控制体系,以现有口岸检疫查验､健康体检为基础,加强疫情的收集､报告､反馈,建立风险管理机制,进一步提高防控口岸重大传染病和突发公共卫生事件能力,防止传染病疫情的传入传出和减少口岸突发公共卫生事件危害｡目前,全区10个口岸分支检验检疫机构､广西检验检疫局保健中心和13个口岸检验检疫办事处开通了国境口岸卫生检疫管理系统,建立完善的疫情收集､报告网络,各口岸设立了专职疫情信息报告员,把中越边境地区导游全部纳入检验检疫系统兼职疫情报告员,在边境村屯中设立1名疫情报告员,各口岸检验检疫机构对兼职疫情报告员进行培训,通过疫情报告员报告疫情信息,使检验检疫部门及时了解国内外疫情情况｡同时,在中越边境口岸建立疫情监测点,根据边境口岸非设关通道多､非法入出境人员多的情况,把边境口岸所在地医疗单位､个体诊所作为疫情监测点,疫情报告员定期到上述医疗机构查阅医疗记录,及时､全面收集口岸地区就诊人员传染病疫情｡此外,按照中越两国卫生检疫补充协议的有关规定,加强与越南边境地区卫生检疫交流与合作,及时收集国外疫情信息｡

广西检验检疫局将口岸传染病监控工作的重点放在有效预防和控制疟疾､登革热以及西尼罗热等蚊媒传染病上,参与南方八省十一局热带病联防,加强对入境交通工具､集装箱和货物等传入性媒介生物监测工作,开展核和辐射性恐怖袭击材料､脏弹､生物战剂的检测技术的培训,做到科学､规范､高效､安全地处置恐怖事件｡该局重点加强口岸卫生监测与控制,去年对从越南流经广西的3条江河进行生物污染监测,通过监测发现部分江河生物污染较严重,及时向有关部门进行了通报,并指导沿江居民注意饮水卫生,广西检验检疫局还对12个口岸储存场所进行了卫生监督并颁发了卫生许可证｡各口岸开展了医学媒介生物监测,捕获鼠类311只､蚤类109只､蝇类1729只､蜚蠊40856只､蚊类525只､螨类249只｡同时,完善入出境人员艾滋病监测管理,建立疫情管理档案,重点加强对来华就业､留学和边境经常往返人员等艾滋病易感高危人群的监测力度,提高检出率,去年检出艾滋病感染者 20例｡并进一步规范了SARS疫情处理工作,重新修订了《广西检验检疫局口岸非典型肺炎卫生检疫工作预案》,全区各口岸检验检疫分支机构严格执行口岸非典卫生检疫“八项制度”和禽流感检疫规程,做到“五个到位”､“五个不漏”､“五个及时”｡

The reporter learned from Guangxi Entry and Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau that the bureau has constructed shields of prevention and control to keep out epidemic and infectious diseases and strengthened the existing inspection and quarantine measures to prevent the entry and exit of infections diseases, bringing to full play the supervision points and epidemic informants positioned at ports. In 2004, 3,184 million person-time inspections for persons entering and exiting ports, 282 thousand person-time health check-ups for infectious diseases control, and 27.7 thousand person-time tests and examinations for AIDS have been carried out, of which 4,056 cases ofinfections diseases and viruses carriers have been detected including 20 AIDS, 130 VD, 13TB, 43 virus hepatitis and 3,852 other cases.

Guangxi borders the Southeast Asia. With the establishment of China-Asean Free Trade Area, the flow of persons and cargoes through the ports in Guangxi will increase sharply. Due to the low hygiene and complicated epidemic in Southeast Asian countries, epidemics like human infectious diseases will affect detrimentally the health of the people in China if they are transferred into China by means of cargo or means of transport. In order to adapt the inspection and quarantine work to the new situation and to prevent the entry and exit of epidemic and infectious diseases, Guangxi has established a system of supervision and control for public health emergencies on the basis of active construction of frontier ports and has enhanced the capability to prevent and control major infections diseases and public health emergencies on the basis of the existing frontier inspection and quarantine and medical check-up, establishing a risk management system relying on the reinforced system of collecting, informing and feedback of epidemic information to prevent epidemic spread and reduce public health hazard at frontiers. At present, frontier health quarantine management systems have been established in 10 branches of inspection and quarantine agencies in Guangxi, Health Center of Guangxi Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, and 13 port offices for inspection and quarantine respectively. A profound network for collecting epidemic situations and reporting network has also been set up with position for a full-time informant available at each port. The tour guides involved in China-Vietnam border area tourism are all employed as part-time informants for this system and each border village has been equipped with one such informant. The inspection and quarantine agencies at ports are requested to give training to the part-time informants. Supervision points are also provided at border area ports and subject to regular inspections made by the informants to get access to prompt andoverall situation and to meet the growing tendencies of illegal entries and increasing person migration through entrances where there are not customs. Meanwhile, epidemic monitoring points are set up at China-Vietnam border ports and the medical units and private clinics located within the jurisdiction of the border ports are placed under supervision and subject to regular references made on the medical records by the epidemic informants for immediate and overall situation of infectious diseases epidemic of the patients. In addition, exchange and cooperation with the Vietnamese health and inspection, quarantine authorities at border ports has been strengthened to be well informed about the epidemic development abroad.

Guangxi has focused its efforts of port inspection supervision and quarantine on the effective prevention and control of malaria, dengue fever, west Nile fever, and taken part in the joint prevention project for tropical diseases launched by the 8 provinces and 11 bureaus in South China. Biotic supervision has been intensified on the transferring media such as means of transport, containers, and cargoes. Tests and examinations training have been conducted on the nuclear, radioactive, dirty bombs and biotic war agents in order to handle terrorist attacks scientifically, properly, effectively and safely. Guangxi focuses its efforts also on port supervision and control, examination and supervision have been done on the 3 rivers which flow to Vietnam via Guangxi. The living things along some sections of those rivers are detected to be highly contaminated and reported to the authority concerned. Guidance is also given to the inhabitants along the rivers to use the water in a safe and healthy manner. Guangxi has conducted hygienic inspection on 12 port storage sites and issued the relevant hygienic permits. Each port has carried out medical media biological supervision, where 311 rats, 109 fleas, 1,729 flies, 4,085 cockroaches, 525 mosquitoes , 249 mites are captured.

In the meantime, supervision and control over persons entering and exiting is improved in terms of AIDS, and files regarding epidemic situation set up with emphasis on the highly susceptible and hazardous multitude who study and work in China and who are frequent migrants on the frontier. The detection rate is enhanced with 20 cases of AIDS positive being detected last year. Disposal of SARS epidemic is further regularized and the scheduled working plan for SARS port inspection and quarantine by Guangxi Entry and Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau is revised, with all branches at ports across Guangxi strictly implementing the ″8 regulations″ for SARS quarantine and quarantine process for human bird flu following the principles of ″5 sufficiency″ , ″ 5 coverage ″ and ″ 5 timeliness″(翻译:张晓雁)