事件:广西重金属污染

On January 15， 2012， a heavy metal ingredient， cadmium， was detected to exceed 80 times in Guangxi Longjiang River. It spread to reach about 300 km， seriously threatening the safety of drinking water of downstream residents. Experts from The Ministry of Environment Protection， Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction and Ministry of Water Resources were dispatched immediately to supervise the event and secondary environmental emergency response plan was launched to reduce the impact on the residents as much as possibly.

Mud spills have been caused by Huayin Aluminium Co. for nine times in the past four years in Debao County， Baise City of Guangxi Province， which tortured some of the residents in Xinjia Village， Jingxi County because the pollution has made their houses no longer livable， water not drinkable and crops cannot grow.

In recent years， cases of land pollutions caused by heavy metals， such as， cadmium and lead， have been exposed frequently. As those lands have been invaded by mining waste， industrial waste or agricultural chemicals， their physical and chemical characters have been changed. Therefore， the land productivity potential is falling and the quality of production was deteriorated， which even harms human beings， animals and plants. Such polluted lands have become an invisible killer and the society cannot avoid this anxiety point.

The heavy metal pollution incident in Guangxi Province raises the survey data of heavy metal polluted land in China. According to the report of Research of Soil Environment Quality in Typical Regions， 40% of the farmland and vegetable soil in some cities in Pearl River Delta exceeded the heavy metal pollution standard， 10% of which are very serious. Some connected farmlands in Yangtze River have been polluted by several kinds of heavy metal so that 10% soil has lost productivity.

2012年1月15日，广西龙江河段检测出重金属镉含量超标80倍，波及河段约300公里，使得沿岸及下游居民饮水安全遭到严重威胁。环保部、住建部、水利部第一时间派出专家赴当地指导处置工作，当地启动环境突发事件二级响应预案，以求尽量减少对人民群众生活的影响。

而广西百色市德保县境内的华银铝业在过去4年中9次发生泥浆泄漏，让靖西县新甲乡部分群众苦不堪言，房子不能住，水不能喝，连庄稼都无法种植。8月份环境保护部叫停了华银铝业的生产。

近年来，镉、铅等重金属污染土地的案例频频遭到曝光。这些土地受到采矿或工业废弃物或农用化学物质的侵入，恶化了土壤原有的理化性状，使得土地生产潜力减退、产品质量恶化，甚至对人类和动植物造成严重危害。这种受污染的土地犹如隐形杀手，已成为整个社会无法回避的焦虑点。

广西的重金属污染新闻引出了我国重金属污染土地调查数据。根据国家环保部门组织的《典型区域土壤环境质量状况探查研究》显示，珠三角部分城市有近40%的农田菜地土壤重金属污染超标，其中10%严重超标。长三角部分城市连片农田遭受多种重金属污染，致使10%的土壤基本丧失生产力。