如何确定比较级和最高级前的冠词

时间:2022-07-08 12:33:10

1. 单独使用的比较级,无论是形容词还是副词,其前通常不用冠词。如:

The bed was hard, but it was better than nothing. 床有点硬,但有总比没有要好。

It might have been done better if you had been more careful. 如果你更细心一点你可能会干得更好的。

You learn a language better if you visit the country where it’s spoken. 若到说某种语言的国家去,你就能把该种语言学得更好些。

2. 形容词最高级前通常要用定冠词,副词最高级前可以用定冠词,但也可以省略。如:

I used to go everywhere with my mother being as I was the youngest. 我以前到哪儿都跟着我妈,因为我是老小。

The Grand Canyon is best seen at sunset when it seems to change colour. 当日落太阳要改变颜色时,大峡谷是最好看的。

比较级前通常不用冠词,但是在以下情况,可以用冠词:

1. 若比较级后跟有被修饰的名词,则比较级前可以用冠词,此时的冠词不是用于修饰比较级,而是用于修饰其后的名词。如:

You could get a better job if you spoke a foreign language. 要是你会说一种外语,那你就会找到更好的工作。

Which of them is the better choice?—Well, it’s hard to tell. 他们谁是更合适的人选?——嗯,这很难说。

但是,若受比较级修饰的名词是表泛指的复数名词或不可数名词,则不用冠词。如:

He’s got more money than the rest of us (put) together. 他的钱比我们大家的加在一起的总数还多。

Fewer people write with their left hand than with their right. 用左手写字的人比用右手的少。

2. 当要特指两者中“较(更)……”时,比较级前通常要带定冠词,此时可视为比较级后省略了有关的名词或代词one,即定冠词实为修饰被省略的名词或代词one。如:

Which of the two methods is the better? 这两种方法哪一种更好?

3. 在比较级前用the表示程度(通常有表示原因、理由或条件的短语或从句)。如:

You’ll feel all the better for a good night’s sleep. 你好好睡上一夜,会感觉好得多。

Sunday mornings were nice. I enjoyed them all the more because Sue used to come round to breakfast. 星期日早上很美好。因为休常常过来吃早餐,我就更加喜欢星期日早上了。

4. 用于“the +比较级,the +比较级”,表示“越……越……”。如:

The more expensive petrol becomes, the fewer people drive. 汽油越贵,开车的人就越少。

The younger you start learning a language, the better you’ll speak it. 开始学语言的年龄越小说得越好。

注意,这类句式有时可以省略其中的动词be。如:

The warmer the weather, the better I feel. 天气越暖和我感觉越舒服。

The higher the interest rate, the greater the financial risk—which, of course, cuts both ways. 利率越高,金融风险也就越大,这当然是有利有弊的事。

5. 当by far用于修饰比较级且置于其前时,比较级前要用the。

He is by far the cleverer than her. 他比她聪明得多。

by far 的这类用法不算常见,它与比较级连用通常是置于其后。如:

It is quicker by far to go by train. 乘火车去要快得多。

Goddard’s first film was better by far. 戈达德的第一部电影要好得多。

但是,by far 最常见的用法是修饰最高级,可置于最高级之前或之后。如:

That is by far the best choice. 这是最好的选择。

She is the best teacher by far. 她是最最好的老师。

1. 在形容词最高级前通常用the。如:

One of the best ways to see the area is in a small boat. 游览该地区的一个最好方式是乘小船。

If you want further information the best thing to do is have a word with the driver as you get on the bus. 如果你想了解更多信息,最好的办法是在上公交车时问一问司机。

2. 当最高级形容词用作表语(尤其是用于which后)且不带比较范围时,the有时(尤其是非正式场合)可以省略。如:

Which of the boys is (the) strongest? 这些男孩子当中哪个力气最大?

It is always best to choose organically grown foods if possible. 如果可能,最好还是挑选有机食品。

但是,当处于表语位置的最高级带有比较范围或带有限定性修饰语时,其前的the通常不能省去。如:

This dictionary is the best I could find. 这是我能找到的最好的词典。

He’s the shortest of four brothers. 他是四兄弟中个子最矮的。

3. 当most表示“非常”时,若其后形容词所修饰的名词为单数可数且表示泛指意义,那么其前用不定冠词而不用定冠词。如:

Jim was a most loving husband and father. 吉姆是个非常体贴的丈夫和慈爱的父亲。

For a great many men and women, romance can be a most important part of marriage. 对于无数男女而言,浪漫是婚姻中极其重要的一部分。

4. 当要对同一个人或事物在不同情况下进行对比时,处于表语位置的最高级形容词前不能加the。如:

Young children are happiest with small groups of close friends. 青少年在和自己小圈子里的好友待在一起时最为开心。

It really is best to manage without any medication if you possibly can. 如果你不服用任何药物就能挺过去的话,最好不过了。

比较:

He’s busiest on Sunday. 他星期天最忙。(他与自己平时比)

He’s the busiest of all the people here. 他是这儿所有人当中最忙的。(他与别人比)

5. 与形容词的最高级一样,当要对同一个人或事物在不同情况下进行对比时,副词最高级前也不能加the。如:

He works hardest when he’s doing something for his family. 他为自己家做事时最卖力。

比较:

Of all the workers, he works (the) hardest. 在所有工人中,他干活最卖力。

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