连铸结晶器的热成像研究

时间:2022-06-10 02:14:58

连铸结晶器的热成像研究

摘 要:热成像技术是运用工业控制计算机和现场网络把温度传感器阵列以及温度变化值转换成直观的彩色图像的一种现代显示技术,用于钢铁连铸生产过程的恶劣环境。该技术利用埋设在结晶器铜板上的热电偶阵列检测温度,用PLC模块高速采集经过A/D转换的温度值,用现场总线和工业以太网传输数据,再根据色彩学原理和CRT\\LCD显示技术建立数学模型,并用过程控制机处理数据,使连铸结晶器内铸坯状态以直观的HMI形式显示出来。其中,结晶器铜板热电偶阵列的热成像胞腔划分、边界延拓、温度的伽马曲线校正、双线性插值、二维高斯平滑处理等是形成HMI画面的主要热成像技术。文中推导出的高效数值计算公式是提高软件编程质量、使热成像系统满足连铸生产实时控制要求的关键。本文还对某些不适用于连铸结晶器的热成像方法做了简要分析。

关键词:结晶器热电偶布置;热电偶热成像;温度与色彩转换模型;实时数值计算

中图分类号:O241;O432;TF341.6;TN27 文献标识码:A

Abstract:The thermal imaging based on industrial control computer and field network is a kind of modern display technology used to convert the temperature change into intuitive color images of the temperature sensor array placed in severe environment during steel continuous casting production process. This technology uses thermocouple array embedded in mold copper plate to detect the temperature change,and high speed PLC module for data collecting of A/D transformation for temperature. Also it uses field bus and industrial Ethernet for data transmission , establishes the mathematical model based on principle of chromatics and CRT/LCD display technology, and processes data using the process control machine to display the state of casting blank in continuous casting mold in intuitive HMI form. The cell division of thermal imaging of thermocouple array in boundary continuation, gamma curve correction of temperature,bilinear interpolation,and twodimensional Gaussian smoothing are important thermal imaging technologies for HMI display. In this paper the formula derivation for high efficient numerical computation is a key to improve the quality of software programming and to satisfy the requirement of realtime monitoring for continuous casting production. Moreover some thermal imaging methods are discussed,which are not suitable for the application filed presented in this paper.

Key words:mold thermocouple decorate;thermocouple thermal imaging;the temperature and color transformation model;realtime numerical calculation

1 前 言

连铸结晶器是金属连铸生产工艺中的核心装备,它如果被高温钢水冲刷、粘连、腐蚀甚至熔化,就发生漏钢事故,造成重大人身和设备事故[1]。因此,监测、预报和控制结晶器温度为钢铁连铸生产工艺所必需。结晶器热成像技术常用如样条函数、曲面磨光等插值计算方法,尽管数值计算方法流行、有效,能生成丰富的热成像画面,但是不能真实地拟合热传导本质,热成像温度误差偏大,实时响应不够快[2]。本文的热成像技术和处理结晶器温度方法有所不同,是根据热传导规律在结晶器外壁上安装热电偶阵列[3], 通过计算机网络实时采集,并建立结晶器的时域和空域温度变化特征数据文件,不仅用来映射和模拟结晶器内部的钢铁坯壳表面凝固状态的温度及变化[4],而且根据色彩学原理和CRT/LCD图像显示技术,把结晶器温度及变化用彩色图像直观形象的显示出来。这种用彩色图像来模拟无法检测的结晶器内部钢铁坯壳表面凝固状态的方法,是一种现代显示技术。它不仅能够更直观的帮助分析坯壳粘结漏钢状态和行为,而且能帮助操作者更加直观的操作,同时提高生产效率与生产安全。

2 热电偶阵列及其热成像系统设计

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