单片机实验教学平台浅析

产品分析对于产品的进一步开发与研究有着至关重要的作用，产品分析以系统分析的方法，以客观分析的结果来进行设计，使产品开发成功率提高,将大问题分解成易于讨论的小问题，再加以研究与评价，以订出适当的设计方针，最后再不断设计分析，整个过程有助于设计者的经验积累与决策、判断等能力。透过资料搜集分析，设计者对所想设计产品有一步的了解，以现有设计为基础，更有效的开启更多新构想，找出现有产品的问题与决策，以定出明确的设计方针，作为整个设计分析之导向。

产品分析分为很多种，有产品结构分析、产品质量分析、产品需求分析、产品市场分析等。

本设计所研究的是产品电路结构分析。是以MCS-51系列单片机、89S51/52为核心的可在线编程单片机多功能实验板，该单片机和8051/52、89C51/52单片机完全兼容，只不过它可以在线编程，并且可以反复地擦除和编程。多功能实验板结合了单片机在线编程功能及程序运行功能，充分利用单片机的资源，设计巧妙、布局合理、价格低廉、使用方便、可再开发。使得用户一板在手便拥有了编程器和实验板两套设备。

通过使用工具PROTEL99制作原理图和PCB板图、软件设计对实验板进行分析后，在原有基础上增加了现有的部分功能，开发了实验板的价值。

Abstract

The analysis of the products is exceptional important to thefurther explore and research of the products. The analysis of theproducts whose motive is to enhance the probability of the successof products’ exploitation analyzes by the numbers, designsaccording to the results of impersonal analyses, then decomposesbig problems into comprehensible small problems to establishsuitable design policy, added in continual analysis and design. Thewhole process helps the designer accumulate his experience and theabilities of decision-making. With the help ofthe collection and analysis of data, designers could know much moreabout the ideal products, complete more new ideas with the existingdesign as the basis, find out the problems of the products, inorder to formulate a specific policy which is the guideline of thewhole design analysis.

The analysis of the products divided into various species,including the analysis of the structure of the products, thequality of the products, the demand of the products, the market ofproducts and so on.

The design which be research is product circuit structure analysis.The on-line programmatic single-chip multifunction brass-board isabase of MCS-51 series single-chip and 89s51/52.The single-chip and8051 / 52 , 89 s51/52 single-chip is Completeness compatible. Butit could on-line programmatic, And it could again and again erasureand programmatic. Multifunction brass-board is Function ofsingle-chip on-line programmatic and running program Take fulladvantage of single-chip ' s Resource. It is designs lambency,Layout in reason, price are low, usable-ness, yet continueddevelopment. The user can own programmer and brass-board twainSheath Equipment. Through the use of Instrument PROTEL 99 Facturethe schematic diagram and PCB Board view and Software design afterthe analysis to brass-board. In base of brass-board it hasincreased partial function. Exploring the brass-board ' s Value

Key words: analysis Single-chipMicrocontroller mini system 89s52ChipDie design

目 录

摘要............................................................................... ..I

Abstract .............................................................................II

绪论...................................................................................1

1 多功能实验板研究的意义 .............................................................2

1.1 引言 .............................................................................2

1.2 研究系统..........................................................................2

1.2.1 什么是研究性课题 ...............................................................2

1.2.2 针对多功能实验板展开的研究 .....................................................3

1.3 实验板设计的理念.....................................

.............................4

2 多功能实验板电路结构与元器件分布................................................... 5

2.1 多功能实验板的结构框图 ...........................................................5

2.2 多功能实验板的面板 ...............................................................5

3 多功能实验板面各模块功能介绍....................................................... 6

3.1 各芯片功能介绍....................................................................6

3.1.1 反向驱动器74LS04...............................................................6

3.1.2 存储器集成电路24C04 ...........................................................6

3.1.3 串行输入TLC5615 ............................................................... 7

3.1.4 8位串行A/D转换器TLC549 ........................................................ 8

3.1.5 电平转换芯片MAX232..............................................................9

3.1.6 八位三态输出触发器74LS573.......................................................10

3.1.7 8位微控制器89S52............................................................... 11

3.1.8 八同相三态缓冲器/线驱动器74LS244................................................15

3.1.9 2输入四正与非门74LS00...........................................................15

3.2 多功能实验板面的跳线、开关、按钮功能 .............................................16

4 硬件分析的相关理论知识 ............................................................ 18

4.1 单片机的概念 .....................................................................18

4.2 单片机的最小应用系统 .............................................................20

4.2.1 单片机的时钟电路............................................................... 20

4.2.2 复位电路及复位状态..............................................................21

5 软件设计思路....................................................................... 23

5.1 简易电子琴 .......................................................................23

5.1.1 设计的原理..................................................................... 25

5.1.2 设计的具体方法 ............................................................... .25

5.1.3 设计的参数设定 ............................................................... .26

5.1.4 程序流程与编写 ................................................................ 28

5.2 串行D/A程序.......................................................................31

6 整机调试........................................................................... 34

6.1 调试工具 ........................................................................ 34

6.2 软件调试 ............................................................... .........34

6.2.1 单片机AT89S52工作调试.......................................................... 34

6.2.2 锯齿波形程序调试 ...............................................................37

6.2.3 程序合并 .......................................................................39

结论...................................................................................43

致谢...................................................................................44

参考文献............................../！/................................................ 45

附录1 系统硬件图......................................................................46

附录2 实物图..........................................................................48

附录3 PCB外观图 ............................................................... ......49