时间：2022-04-14 11:05:31
摘要：词汇是英语学习的基石，但老师和学生感到最困难的就是词汇教学。很多学生对于英语词汇学习感到吃力，甚至对英语学习丧失了兴趣和信心。本文提出相应的方法和策略来提高学生的词汇量。
关键词: 词汇教学 问题 策略
中图分类号：H193.4文献标识码： A 文章编号：
1. Introduction
Vocabulary is one of three elements in language, such as phonics, vocabulary and grammar, so enlarging vocabulary is the basic method of improving English skills. But students feel it difficult to remember vocabulary and usually remember vocabulary before dictation, and they will forget words after many days. Ellis etal. (2001:419) introduced that vocabulary in focus-on-form instruction refers to not only the outside “form”, such as pronunciation and spelling, but also vocabulary meaning, even the combination of “form” and meaning. Although much of the work of vocabulary learning is the responsibility of the students, teacher’s guidance and help are invaluable. Besides, teachers’ work should also include helping students to develop vocabulary building strategies(王蔷, 2000).
2. Methods and strategies of vocabulary teaching
2.1 Focusing on phonics teaching
The author made a survey that about 10% students had not studied phonics, 82% students had been taught, and 8%students master phonetic symbols and stress. As we all know, students can’t pronounce words correctly will remember them hard. If teachers teach students pronunciation and spelling, the students will more confidence to remember vocabulary.
Using multimedia
If teachers use multimedia to present new words, students will get a better and deeper understanding of the meaning and use of the vocabulary. Multimedia is better than pictures or real objects.
Teaching the rules of making vocabulary
There are many rules to making English words and it’s a good way to remember and enlarge vocabulary. The rules of making words are as following: (1)compound, for example: homeland, toothbrush;(2)adding prefix to the root, for example: usual―unusual, possible―impossible;(3) adding suffix to the root, for example: color―colorful, connect―connection; (4) transforming part of speech, for example: point(点)―point（指向）, type（类型）―type（打字）.
If students master the basic rules of making vocabulary, they can remember vocabulary easily and effectively.
Consolidating in time
According to the oblivion rule, one forgetting something becomes from fast to slowly, and so teachers should remind students review vocabulary in time. There are many evidences that regular review help to maintain largest amount recall. After consolidation in time, the snatch memory will keep long time in brain.
3. Conclusion
It is clear that vocabulary is very important to both the English teachers and their students. As an English teacher, we should flexibly carry out different teaching approaches to improve the quality of 45-minute class. At the same time, students should be aware of the importance of vocabulary study. In conclusion, like building a house, learning English takes some time, so do be patient.
References：
[1] Ellis, R. 2001. Introduction: Investigating form-focused instruction [J]. Language Learning, 51(1):1-46.
[2] 刘丹,刘宇,马欣. 从循序渐进学习词汇到逐层深入用词汇[J].中小学外语教学,2009年第7期.
[3] 王蔷.英语教学法课程[M].高等教育出版社,2000.